Jones, A.D., Crossland, S., Nixon, J.E. et al. (3 more authors) (2024) A cross sectional pilot study utilising STrain Analysis and Mapping of the Plantar Surface (STAMPS) to measure plantar load characteristics within a healthy population. Gait & Posture, 113. pp. 246-251. ISSN 0966-6362
Abstract
Background
No in-shoe systems, measuring both components of plantar load (plantar pressure and shear stress) are available for use in patients with diabetes. The STAMPS (STrain Analysis and Mapping of the Plantar Surface) system utilises digital image correlation (DIC) to determine the strain sustained by a deformable insole, providing a more complete understanding of plantar shear load at the foot-surface interface.
Research questions
What is the normal range and pattern of strain at the foot-surface interface within a healthy population as measured by the STAMPS system? Is STAMPS a valid tool to measure the effects of plantar load?
Methods
A cross-sectional study of healthy participants was undertaken. Healthy adults without foot pathology or diabetes were included. Participants walked 20 steps with the STAMPS insole in a standardised shoe. Participants also walked 10 m with the Novel Pedar® plantar pressure measurement insole within the standardised shoe. Both measurements were repeated three times. Outcomes of interest were global and regional values for peak resultant strain (SMAG) and peak plantar pressure (PPP).
Results
In 18 participants, median peak SMAG and PPP were 35.01 % and 410.6kPa respectively. The regions of the hallux and heel sustained the highest SMAG (29.31 % (IQR 24.56–31.39) and 20.50 % (IQR 15.59–24.12) respectively) and PPP (344.8kPa (IQR 268.3 – 452.5) and 279.3kPa (IQR 231.3–302.1) respectively). SMAG was moderately correlated with PPP (r= 0.65, p < 0.001). Peak SMAG was located at the hallux in 55.6 % of participants, at the 1st metatarsal head (MTH) in 16.7 %, the heel in 16.7 %, toes 3–5 in 11.1 % and the MTH2 in 5.6 %.
Significance
The results demonstrate the STAMPS system is a valid tool to measure plantar strain. Further studies are required to investigate the effects of elevated strain and the relationship with diabetic foot ulcer formation.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | Plantar pressure; Plantar shear stress; Plantar strain; Diabetic foot disease; Plantar load |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Mechanical Engineering (Leeds) > Institute of Engineering Systems and Design (iESD) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 09 Aug 2024 15:29 |
Last Modified: | 09 Aug 2024 15:29 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.06.018 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:215877 |