Aleedy, M. orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-2373, Atwell, E. orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-3764 and Meshoul, S. orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-5878 (2025) A Multi-Agent Chatbot Architecture for AI-Driven Language Learning. Applied Sciences, 15 (19). 10634. ISSN: 2076-3417
Abstract
Language learners increasingly rely on intelligent digital tools to supplement their learning experiences, yet existing chatbots often provide limited support, lacking adaptability, personalization, or domain-specific intelligence. This study introduces a novel AI-powered multi-agent chatbot architecture designed to support English–Arabic translation and language learning. Developed through a three-phase methodology, offline preparation, real-time deployment, and evaluation, the system employs both retrieval-based and generative AI models, with specialized agents managing tasks such as translation, example retrieval, user translation review, and learning feedback. The chatbot was developed using a hybrid architecture incorporating fine-tuned Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) model, sentence embedding techniques, and similarity evaluation metrics. A user study involving 40 undergraduate students and 4 faculty members evaluated the system across usability, effectiveness, and pedagogical value. Results show that the multi-agent chatbot significantly enhanced learner engagement, provided accurate and contextually appropriate language support, and was positively received by both students and instructors. These findings demonstrate the value of multi-agent design in language learning applications and highlight the potential of AI-driven chatbots as intelligent educational assistants.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | multi-agent; chatbot; artificial intelligent; educational assistants; generative AI; retrieval-based AI; translation learning; language learning |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Computing (Leeds) |
Date Deposited: | 03 Oct 2025 13:37 |
Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2025 13:37 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | MDPI |
Identification Number: | 10.3390/app151910634 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:232483 |