Gonzalez-Robles, C. orcid.org/0000-0001-6809-0127, Bandmann, O. orcid.org/0000-0003-3149-0252 and Schapira, A.H.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-3966 (2025) Neuroprotection in Parkinson disease. Neurology and Therapy, 14 (5). pp. 1747-1767. ISSN: 2193-8253
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterised by tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity, as well as other motor and non-motor symptoms, for which no effective disease-modifying treatments have been discovered. Neuroprotection in PD is limited by its clinical and biological heterogeneity, suboptimal preclinical models, lack of established disease progression biomarkers, complex pathophysiology, the existence of effective symptomatic therapies which hamper the detection of actual disease modification, and trial design. This review discusses the above issues and other important concepts in neuroprotection in PD. The main pathophysiological mechanisms in PD are classified into mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal dysfunction, inflammation, protein aggregation/propagation, and “other”, and discussed briefly. The most relevant disease-modifying candidates in PD are classified into the aforementioned categories and reviewed. Finally, conclusions and recommendations for future improvements in the field of disease modification in PD are provided.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
Keywords: | Clinical trials; Disease modification; Neuroprotection; Parkinson disease; Pathophysiology; Therapy |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > School of Medicine and Population Health |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 26 Sep 2025 09:22 |
Last Modified: | 26 Sep 2025 09:22 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s40120-025-00793-z |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:232100 |