Background
Young people’s mental health worsened during and since the coronavirus disease discovered in 2019 pandemic. School environments play a key role in young people’s mental health. Learning Together for Mental Health is a whole-school intervention aiming to promote mental health in secondary schools, adapted from the previous Learning Together intervention which was found effective in reducing bullying and promoting mental health.
Objective
To adapt Learning Together to increase focus on mental health so producing the Learning Together for Mental Health intervention and evaluate the appropriateness of conducting a Phase III trial of the Learning Together for Mental Health intervention regarding pre-defined progression criteria relating to the intervention and trial methods, and assessing intervention feasibility, reach and acceptability, feasibility of trial measures and procedures, potential mechanisms and possible harms.
Design and methods
We conducted a feasibility study with baseline and follow-up surveys, process evaluation and economic-evaluation feasibility-testing.
Setting and participants
One school participated in intervention adaptation. Our feasibility study included four state, mixed-sex secondary schools in southern England (one of which dropped out after baselines and was replaced with another). We recruited 640 year-7 (age 11–12) students at baseline survey and 566 year-10 (age 14–15) students at 12-month follow-up. Baseline and follow-up participants were different groups, as the focus was assessing feasibility for the age groups to be surveyed at baseline and follow-up in a Phase III randomised controlled trial. Twenty staff, 27 year-8 (age 12–13) students and 22 year-10 students participated in qualitative research as did two trainers and one external facilitator.
Interventions
As part of our feasibility study, all schools received the Learning Together for Mental Health intervention for one academic school year.
Main outcome measures
Pre-defined criteria for progression to a Phase III trial.
Results
The intervention was successfully adapted from the previous intervention using public involvement. The trial met all criteria for progression to Phase III. The all-staff and in-depth restorative practice training were implemented with fidelity in all schools and all schools had at least two staff trained in-depth in restorative practice. Curriculum training was delivered with fidelity in three of four schools. The response rate to the baseline (needs) survey across the three participating schools was 79%. Progression required at least two schools to have delivered the curriculum with at least 50% fidelity, which was achieved; one of the two schools which delivered the curriculum reported over 80% fidelity and the other school reported over 75% fidelity. All students and staff across all four schools who completed the action group survey and 93% of senior leadership team members who completed the senior leadership team survey reported that Learning Together for mental health was a good way to promote student Mental Health. Potential mechanisms of action involve promoting student sense of school belonging and practical reasoning and skills. No harms were reported. Trial measures and procedures were feasible and acceptable to implement. Intervention and trial refinement are suggested.
Limitations
Our study involved a small, purposive sample of schools and students which are not representative of those in England.
Conclusions
With some minor amendments, Learning Together for Mental Health should be subject to a future Phase III trial of effectiveness.
Future work
The intervention should be refined by making the curriculum optional and improving materials.
Funding
This synopsis presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme as award number NIHR131594.
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)