Open challenges in communications and positioning for connected and automated vehicles

While Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) have been retained as the fundamental global coverage component for navigation and have been continuously improving their performance, it is now recognized that accurate positioning for intelligent mobility is a multi sensor fusion problem. In this vision, wireless communications technologies may inherently contribute through signals of opportunity, while also providing the pervasive connectivity that enables cooperative strategies for positioning and navigation. The present paper moves from the analysis of latest requirements for Cooperative Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM) services and applications, then outlines the main challenges to be addressed for communications and positioning; connections to research activities in relevant ongoing projects are finally mentioned.