Spatial Chirp-Based Optimization for Analog Beamforming in Line-of-Sight Terahertz Ultra-Wideband Phased Tx Array Systems

THz ultra-wideband wireless communication is emerging as a critical technology for future 6G networks, due to its vast untapped frequency spectrum. The use of phased antenna arrays is highly effective in mitigating the significant attenuation of THz signals, thereby ensuring high-quality communication. Analog phased arrays with well-designed phase shifters concentrate signal gain spatially to compensate for propagation loss. However, conventional narrowband analog beamforming compromise ultra-wideband performance. In this paper, we address the degradation problem of analog beamforming in line-of-sight THz ultra-wideband systems that optimizes throughput across various application scenarios. We apply the stationary phase method to derive initial phase function solutions. We then develop an iterative algorithm to maximize throughput and design optimal phase shifters. The effectiveness and advantages of our proposed methods are demonstrated through simulation results, which show significant improvements in throughput and reductions in bit error rate compared to state-of-the-art wideband analog beamforming methods.