Reactivity of air granulated basic oxygen furnace steel slag and its immobilization of heavy metals

Abstract

Air granulation of basic Oxygen furnace slag can improve its hydraulic potential to enhance recycling potential. The hydration behaviour of the slag has been investigated via isothermal calorimetry, QXRD, and TG/DTG analysis. The air granulated slag exhibited improved early-age hydration and led to the formation of C–S–H, hydrogarnet, and hydrotalcite phases. The slag reactivity is controlled by the dissolution of SiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ bearing phases as observed by SEM-EDX-based PARC analysis and the hydration degree reaches up to 41% after 28 days curing. The hydrated slag features an improved immobilization of V and Cr as confirmed by ICP-OES analysis.

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Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Ahmed, M.J. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7298-6237 Schollbach, K. van der Laan, S. Brouwers, H.J.H.
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords:	Hydration products, Air granulation, Hydration degree, Immobilization of heavy metals
Dates:	Accepted: 20 May 2024 Published (online): 21 May 2024 Published: 15 August 2024
Institution:	The University of Leeds
Academic Units:	The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Civil Engineering (Leeds)
Depositing User:	Symplectic Publications
Date Deposited:	16 Sep 2025 11:00
Last Modified:	16 Sep 2025 11:00
Published Version:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/...
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Elsevier
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.jobe.2024.109704
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:231349

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Reactivity of air granulated basic oxygen furnace steel slag and its immobilization of heavy metals

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