A high-resolution dataset on electric passenger vehicle characteristics in China and the European Union

Abstract

China and the EU are the world’s largest Electric Vehicle (EV) markets, making it crucial to understand their electrification progress for global insights. However, previous assessments of regional EV markets often provide broad EV market characteristic estimations, but neglect critical spatial and segmental heterogeneity, thereby limiting research and policy precision. To fill such a knowledge gap, this study proposes a multi-dataset fusion approach that enables the characterization of passenger vehicle electrification progress in both China and the EU at highly resolved spatial, segmental, and powertrain levels for the year 2023. The dataset includes EV sales, market penetration, battery chemistry mix, and sales-weighted average battery capacity for all wheelbase-defined segments across 31 provinces and municipalities in China, as well as the EU27, Iceland, and Norway. It characterizes the current state of passenger vehicle electrification in China and the EU and supports further research on critical material demand estimation, decarbonization performance assessment, and related topics.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Mai, L. Liu, M. Hao, H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7542-4746 Sun, X. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-8623 Meng, F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9014-1231 Geng, Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-1375 Wadud, Z. Tate, J.E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1646-6852 Dong, Z. Li, H. Geng, J. Dou, H. Deng, Y. Bai, F. Liu, Z. Zhao, F.
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
Keywords:	Energy and society; Industry
Dates:	Submitted: 25 June 2025 Accepted: 4 August 2025 Published (online): 19 August 2025 Published: 19 August 2025
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > School of Chemical, Materials and Biological Engineering
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	27 Aug 2025 15:25
Last Modified:	27 Aug 2025 15:25
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.1038/s41597-025-05770-7
Related URLs:	Software or Code
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:230805

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A high-resolution dataset on electric passenger vehicle characteristics in China and the European Union

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