Beyond the surface: a review of transcranial temporal interference stimulation for deep brain modulation

Ivanov, B. orcid.org/0009-0005-9188-0705, Toth, J.E., Mandali, A. et al. (2 more authors) (2025) Beyond the surface: a review of transcranial temporal interference stimulation for deep brain modulation. Frontiers in Neurology, 16. 1661049. ISSN: 1664-2295

Abstract

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Item Type: Article
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:

© 2025 Ivanov, Toth, Mandali, Salvati and Arvaneh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Keywords: Non-invasive deep brain stimulation; Temporal Interference Stimulation; Interferential stimulation; interfering electric fields; temporal interference stimulation (TIS); interferential current stimulation; transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS)
Dates:
  • Accepted: 15 August 2025
  • Published (online): 22 September 2025
  • Published: 22 September 2025
Institution: The University of Sheffield
Academic Units: The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering (Sheffield)
Funding Information:
Funder
Grant number
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
2884307
Depositing User: Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited: 15 Aug 2025 13:33
Last Modified: 23 Sep 2025 08:30
Status: Published
Publisher: Frontiers Media
Refereed: Yes
Identification Number: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1661049
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):

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