Small Au Nanoparticles Synthesized by Peptide-Based Biomineralization for Catalytic Applications

Biomineralization processes have garnered considerable attention owing to their potential for synthesizing functionally and technologically important nanomaterials in an environment-friendly manner. In this study, we synthesized small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) ranging in size from 2.5 to 2.9 nm using three biomineralization peptides (G1:ETGHHIWEWM, G2:TQWHEWHWYQ, and G3:GMWHIEHIWL) without other supplements, such as reducing agents or triggers. Dynamic light scattering and thermogravimetric analyses confirmed the presence of peptide molecules on the synthesized AuNPs. We quantified the catalytic activity of the synthesized AuNPs by analyzing the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and methyl orange by borohydride. Overall, the AuNPs synthesized by peptide biomineralization exhibit catalytic properties and have the potential for the bioremediation of wastewater through environmentally friendly processes.