Low exposure long-baseline neutrino oscillation sensitivity of the DUNE experiment

Abstract

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will produce world-leading neutrino oscillation measurements over the lifetime of the experiment. In this work, we explore DUNE’s sensitivity to observe charge-parity violation (CPV) in the neutrino sector, and to resolve the mass ordering, for exposures of up to 100 kiloton-megawatt-calendar years (kt-MW-CY), where calendar years include an assumption of 57% accelerator uptime based on past accelerator performance at Fermilab. The analysis includes detailed uncertainties on the flux prediction, the neutrino interaction model, and detector effects. We demonstrate that DUNE will be able to unambiguously resolve the neutrino mass ordering at a 4σ (5σ) level with a 66 (100) kt-MW-CY far detector exposure, and has the ability to make strong statements at significantly shorter exposures depending on the true value of other oscillation parameters, with a median sensitivity of 3σ for almost all true δCP values after only 24 kt-MW-CY. We also show that DUNE has the potential to make a robust measurement of CPV at a 3σ level with a 100 kt-MW-CY exposure for the maximally CP-violating values δCP=±π/2. Additionally, the dependence of DUNE’s sensitivity on the exposure taken in neutrino-enhanced and antineutrino-enhanced running is discussed. An equal fraction of exposure taken in each beam mode is found to be close to optimal when considered over the entire space of interest.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Abud, AA Abi, B Acciarri, R Acero, MA Adames, MR Adamov, G Adams, D Adinolfi, M Aduszkiewicz, A Aguilar, J Ahmad, Z Ahmed, J Aimard, B Ali-Mohammadzadeh, B Alion, T Allison, K Monsalve, SA AlRashed, M Alt, C Alton, A Amedo, P Anderson, J Andreopoulos, C Andreotti, M Andrews, MP Andrianala, F Andringa, S Anfimov, N Ankowski, A Antoniassi, M Antonova, M Antoshkin, A Antusch, S Aranda-Fernandez, A Arnold, LO Arroyave, MA Asaadi, J Asquith, L Aurisano, A Aushev, V Autiero, D Ayala-Torres, M Azfar, F Back, A Back, H Back, JJ Backhouse, C Bagaturia, I Bagby, L Balashov, N Balasubramanian, S Baldi, P Baller, B Bambah, B Barao, F Barenboim, G Barker, GJ Barkhouse, W Barnes, C Barr, G Monarca, JB Barros, A Barros, N Barrow, JL Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, A Basque, V Belchior, E Battat, JBR Battisti, F Bay, F Alba, JLB Beacom, JF Bechetoille, E Behera, B Bellantoni, L Bellettini, G Bellini, V Beltramello, O Benekos, N Montiel, CB Neves, FB Berger, J Berkman, S Bernardini, P Berner, RM Bertolucci, S Betancourt, M Rodríguez, AB Bevan, A Bezawada, Y Bezerra, TJC Bhardwaj, A Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Bhuller, S Bhuyan, B Biagi, S Bian, J Biassoni, M Biery, K Bilki, B Bishai, M Bitadze, A Blake, A Blaszczyk, FDM Blazey, GC Blucher, E Boissevain, J Bolognesi, S Bolton, T Bomben, L Bonesini, M Bongrand, M Bonilla-Diaz, C Bonini, F Booth, A Boran, F Bordoni, S Borkum, A Bostan, N Bour, P Bourgeois, C Boyden, D Bracinik, J Braga, D Brailsford, D Branca, A Brandt, A Bremer, J Brew, C Brice, SJ Brizzolari, C Bromberg, C Brooke, J Bross, A Brunetti, G Brunetti, M Buchanan, N Budd, H Butorov, I Cagnoli, I Caiulo, D Calabrese, R Calafiura, P Calcutt, J Calin, M Calvez, S Calvo, E Caminata, A Campanelli, M Caratelli, D Carini, G Carlus, B Carneiro, MF Carniti, P Terrazas, IC Carranza, H Carroll, T Forero, JFC Castillo, A Castromonte, C Catano-Mur, E Cattadori, C Cavalier, F Cavanna, F Centro, S Cerati, G Cervelli, A Villanueva, AC Chalifour, M Chappell, A Chardonnet, E Charitonidis, N Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, H Chen, M Chen, Y Chen, Z Cheon, Y Cherdack, D Chi, C Childress, S Chiriacescu, A Chisnall, G Cho, K Choate, S Chokheli, D Chong, PS Christensen, A Christian, D Christodoulou, G Chukanov, A Chung, M Church, E Cicero, V Clarke, P Coan, TE Cocco, AG Coelho, JAB Colton, N Conley, E Conley, R Conrad, JM Convery, M Copello, S Cremaldi, L Cremonesi, L Crespo-Anadón, JI Crisler, M Cristaldo, E Cross, R Cudd, A Cuesta, C Cui, Y Cussans, D Dalager, O da Motta, H Da Silva Peres, L David, C David, Q Davies, GS Davini, S Dawson, J De, K Debbins, P De Bonis, I Decowski, MP de Gouvêa, A De Holanda, PC De Icaza Astiz, IL Deisting, A De Jong, P Delbart, A Delepine, D Delgado, M Dell’Acqua, A De Lurgio, P de Mello Neto, JRT DeMuth, DM Dennis, S Densham, C Deptuch, GW De Roeck, A De Romeri, V De Souza, G Devi, R Dharmapalan, R Dias, M Diaz, F Díaz, JS Di Domizio, S Di Giulio, L Ding, P Di Noto, L Distefano, C Diurba, R Diwan, M Djurcic, Z Doering, D Dolan, S Dolek, F Dolinski, MJ Domine, L Douglas, D Douillet, D Drake, G Drielsma, F Duarte, L Duchesneau, D Duffy, K Dunne, P Duyang, H Dvornikov, O Dwyer, DA Dyshkant, AS Eads, M Earle, A Edmunds, D Eisch, J Emberger, L Emery, S Ereditato, A Erjavec, T Escobar, CO Eurin, G Evans, JJ Ewart, E Ezeribe, AC Fahey, K Falcone, A Fani’, M Farnese, C Farzan, Y Fedoseev, D Felix, J Feng, Y Fernandez-Martinez, E Menendez, PF Morales, MF Ferraro, F Fields, L Filip, P Filthaut, F Fiorentini, A Fiorini, M Fitzpatrick, RS Flanagan, W Fleming, B Flight, R Fogarty, S Foreman, W Forero, DV Fowler, J Fox, W Franc, J Francis, K Franco, D Freeman, J Freestone, J Fried, J Friedland, A Robayo, FF Fuess, S Furic, IK Furmanski, AP Gabrielli, A Gago, A Gallagher, H Gallas, A Gallego-Ros, A Gallice, N Galymov, V Gamberini, E Gamble, T Ganacim, F Gandhi, R Gandrajula, R Gao, F Gao, S Garcia-Gamez, D García-Peris, MÁ Gardiner, S Gastler, D Gauvreau, J Ge, G Geffroy, N Gelli, B Gendotti, A Gent, S Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z Giammaria, P Giammaria, T Gibin, D Gil-Botella, I Gilligan, S Girerd, C Giri, AK Gnani, D Gogota, O Gold, M Gollapinni, S Gollwitzer, K Gomes, RA Bermeo, LVG Fajardo, LSG Gonnella, F Gonzalez-Cuevas, JA Gonzalez-Diaz, D Gonzalez-Lopez, M Goodman, MC Goodwin, O Goswami, S Gotti, C Goudzovski, E Grace, C Gran, R Granados, E Granger, P Grant, A Grant, C Gratieri, D Green, P Greenler, L Greer, J Grenard, J Griffith, WC Groh, M Grudzinski, J Grzelak, K Gu, W Guardincerri, E Guarino, V Guarise, M Guenette, R Guerard, E Guerzoni, M Guffanti, D Guglielmi, A Guo, B Gupta, V Guthikonda, KK Gutierrez, R Guzowski, P Guzzo, MM Gwon, S Ha, C Habig, A Hadavand, H Haenni, R Hahn, A Haiston, J Hamacher-Baumann, P Hamernik, T Hamilton, P Han, J Harris, DA Hartnell, J Hartnett, T Harton, J Hasegawa, T Hasnip, C Hatcher, R Hatfield, KW Hatzikoutelis, A Hayes, C Hayrapetyan, K Hays, J Hazen, E He, M Heavey, A Heeger, KM Heise, J Henry, S Morquecho, MAH Herner, K Hewes, J Hill, T Hillier, SJ Himmel, A Hinkle, E Hirsch, LR Ho, J Hoff, J Holin, A Hoppe, E Horton-Smith, GA Hostert, M Hourlier, A Howard, B Howell, R Hristova, I Hronek, MS Huang, J Iles, G Ilic, N Iliescu, AM Illingworth, R Ingratta, G Ioannisian, A Irwin, B Isenhower, L Itay, R Jackson, CM Jain, V James, E Jang, W Jargowsky, B Jediny, F Jena, D Jeong, YS Jesús-Valls, C Ji, X Jiang, L Jiménez, S Jipa, A Johnson, R Johnston, N Jones, B Jones, SB Judah, M Jung, CK Junk, T Jwa, Y Kabirnezhad, M Kaboth, A Kadenko, I Kaira, D Kakorin, I Kalitkina, A Kamiya, F Kaneshige, N Karagiorgi, G Karaman, G Karcher, A Karolak, M Karyotakis, Y Kasai, S Kasetti, SP Kashur, L Kazaryan, N Kearns, E Keener, P Kelly, KJ Kemp, E Kemularia, O Ketchum, W Kettell, SH Khabibullin, M Khotjantsev, A Khvedelidze, A Kim, D King, B Kirby, B Kirby, M Klein, J Koehler, K Koerner, LW Koh, DH Kohn, S Koller, PP Kolupaeva, L Korablev, D Kordosky, M Kosc, T Kose, U Kostelecký, VA Kothekar, K Kreczko, L Krennrich, F Kreslo, I Kropp, W Kudenko, Y Kudryavtsev, VA Kulagin, S Kumar, J Kumar, P Kumar, R Kunze, P Kurita, N Kuruppu, C Kus, V Kutter, T Kvasnicka, J Kwak, D Lambert, A Land, BJ Lane, CE Lang, K Langford, T Langstaff, M Larkin, J Lasorak, P Last, D Lastoria, C Laundrie, A Laurenti, G Lawrence, A Lazanu, I LaZur, R Lazzaroni, M Le, T Leardini, S Learned, J LeBrun, P LeCompte, T Lee, C Lee, SY Miotto, GL Lehnert, R de Oliveira, MAL Leitner, M Lepin, LM Li, SW Li, T Li, Y Liao, H Lin, CS Lin, Q Lin, S Lineros, RA Ling, J Lister, A Littlejohn, BR Liu, J Lockwitz, S Loew, T Lokajicek, M Lomidze, I Long, K Lord, T LoSecco, JM Louis, WC Lu, X-G Luk, KB Lunday, B Luo, X Luppi, E Lux, T Luzio, VP MacFarlane, D Machado, AA Machado, P Macias, CT Macier, JR Maddalena, A Madera, A Madigan, P Magill, S Mahn, K Maio, A Major, A Maloney, JA Mandrioli, G Mandujano, RC Maneira, J Manenti, L Manly, S Mann, A Manolopoulos, K Plata, MM Manyam, VN Manzanillas, L Marchan, M Marchionni, A Marciano, W Marfatia, D Mariani, C Maricic, J Marie, R Marinho, F Marino, AD Marsden, D Marshak, M Marshall, CM Marshall, J Marteau, J Martin-Albo, J Martinez, N Caicedo, DAM Miravé, PM Martynenko, S Mascagna, V Mason, K Mastbaum, A Matichard, F Matsuno, S Matthews, J Mauger, C Mauri, N Mavrokoridis, K Mawby, I Mazza, R Mazzacane, A Mazzucato, E McAskill, T McCluskey, E McConkey, N McFarland, KS McGrew, C McNab, A Mefodiev, A Mehta, P Melas, P Mena, O Mendez, H Mendez, P Méndez, DP Menegolli, A Meng, G Messier, MD Metcalf, W Mettler, T Mewes, M Meyer, H Miao, T Michna, G Miedema, T Mikola, V Milincic, R Miller, G Miller, W Mills, J Milne, C Mineev, O Minotti, A Miranda, OG Miryala, S Mishra, CS Mishra, SR Mislivec, A Mladenov, D Mocioiu, I Moffat, K Moggi, N Mohanta, R Mohayai, TA Mokhov, N Molina, J Bueno, LM Montagna, E Montanari, A Montanari, C Montanari, D Zetina, LMM Moon, J Moon, SH Mooney, M Moor, AF Moreno, D Morris, C Mossey, C Motuk, E Moura, CA Mousseau, J Mouster, G Mu, W Mualem, L Mueller, J Muether, M Mufson, S Muheim, F Muir, A Mulhearn, M Munford, D Muramatsu, H Murphy, S Musser, J Nachtman, J Nagu, S Nalbandyan, M Nandakumar, R Naples, D Narita, S Nath, A Navrer-Agasson, A Nayak, N Nebot-Guinot, M Negishi, K Nelson, JK Nesbit, J Nessi, M Newbold, D Newcomer, M Newhart, D Newton, H Nichol, R Nicolas-Arnaldos, F Niner, E Nishimura, K Norman, A Norrick, A Northrop, R Novella, P Nowak, JA Oberling, M Ochoa-Ricoux, JP Olivier, A Olshevskiy, A Onel, Y Onishchuk, Y Ott, J Pagani, L Pakvasa, S Palacio, G Palamara, O Palestini, S Paley, JM Pallavicini, M Palomares, C Palomino-Gallo, JL Vazquez, WP Pantic, E Paolone, V Papadimitriou, V Papaleo, R Papanestis, A Paramesvaran, S Parke, S Parozzi, E Parsa, Z Parvu, M Pascoli, S Pasqualini, L Pasternak, J Pater, J Patrick, C Patrizii, L Patterson, RB Patton, SJ Patzak, T Paudel, A Paulos, B Paulucci, L Pavlovic, Z Pawloski, G Payne, D Pec, V Peeters, SJM Pennacchio, E Penzo, A Peres, OLG Perry, J Pershey, D Pessina, G Petrillo, G Petta, C Petti, R Pia, V Piastra, F Pickering, L Pietropaolo, F Plunkett, R Poling, R Pons, X Poonthottathil, N Poppi, F Pordes, S Porter, J Potekhin, M Potenza, R Potukuchi, BVKS Pozimski, J Pozzato, M Prakash, S Prakash, T Prest, M Prince, S Psihas, F Pugnere, D Qian, X Raaf, JL Radeka, V Rademacker, J Radics, B Rafique, A Raguzin, E Rai, M Rajaoalisoa, M Rakhno, I Rakotonandrasana, A Rakotondravohitra, L Ramachers, YA Rameika, R Delgado, MAR Ramson, B Rappoldi, A Raselli, G Ratoff, P Raut, S Razakamiandra, RF Rea, E Real, JS Rebel, B Reggiani-Guzzo, M Rehak, T Reichenbacher, J Reitzner, SD Sfar, HR Renshaw, A Rescia, S Resnati, F Reynolds, A Ribas, M Riboldi, S Riccio, C Riccobene, G Rice, LCJ Ricol, J Rigamonti, A Rigaut, Y Rivera, D Robert, A Rochester, L Roda, M Rodrigues, P Alonso, MJR Bonilla, ER Rondon, JR Rosauro-Alcaraz, S Rosenberg, M Rosier, P Roskovec, B Rossella, M Rossi, M Rout, J Roy, P Rubbia, A Rubbia, C Russell, B Ruterbories, D Rybnikov, A Saa-Hernandez, A Saakyan, R Sacerdoti, S Safford, T Sahu, N Sala, P Samios, N Samoylov, O Sanchez, MC Sandberg, V Sanders, DA Sankey, D Santana, S Santos-Maldonado, M Saoulidou, N Sapienza, P Sarasty, C Sarcevic, I Savage, G Savinov, V Scaramelli, A Scarff, A Scarpelli, A Schellman, H Schifano, S Schlabach, P Schmitz, D Scholberg, K Schukraft, A Segreto, E Selyunin, A Senise, CR Sensenig, J Seoane, M Sergi, A Sgalaberna, D Shaevitz, MH Shafaq, S Shamma, M Sharankova, R Sharma, HR Sharma, R Shaw, T Shepherd-Themistocleous, C Sheshukov, A Shin, S Shoemaker, I Shooltz, D Shrock, R Siegel, H Simard, L Simon, F Sinclair, J Sinev, G Singh, J Singh, J Singh, L Singh, V Sipos, R Sippach, FW Sirri, G Sitraka, A Siyeon, K Skarpaas, K Smith, A Smith, E Smith, P Smolik, J Smy, M Snider, EL Snopok, P Snowden-Ifft, D Nunes, MS Sobel, H Soderberg, M Sokolov, S Salinas, CJS Söldner-Rembold, S Soleti, SR Solomey, N Solovov, V Sondheim, WE Sorel, M Sotnikov, A Soto-Oton, J Sousa, A Soustruznik, K Spagliardi, F Spanu, M Spitz, J Spooner, NJC Spurgeon, K Stancari, M Stanco, L Stein, R Steiner, HM Lisbôa, AFS Stewart, J Stillwell, B Stock, J Stocker, F Stokes, T Strait, M Strauss, T Stuart, A Suarez, JG Sullivan, H Summers, D Surdo, A Susic, V Suter, L Sutera, CM Svoboda, R Szczerbinska, B Szelc, AM Tanaka, HA Oregui, BT Tapper, A Tariq, S Tatar, E Tayloe, R Teklu, AM Tenti, M Terao, K Ternes, CA Terranova, F Testera, G Thakore, T Thea, A Thompson, JL Thorn, C Timm, SC Tishchenko, V Tomassetti, L Tonazzo, A Torbunov, D Torti, M Tortola, M Tortorici, F Tosi, N Totani, D Toups, M Touramanis, C Travaglini, R Trevor, J Trilov, S Trzaska, WH Tsai, Y Tsai, Y-T Tsamalaidze, Z Tsang, KV Tsverava, N Tufanli, S Tull, C Tyley, E Tzanov, M Uboldi, L Uchida, MA Urheim, J Usher, T Uzunyan, S Vagins, MR Vahle, P Valdiviesso, GA Valentim, R Vallari, Z Vallazza, E Valle, JWF Vallecorsa, S Van Berg, R Van de Water, RG Varanini, F Vargas, D Varner, G Vasel, J Vasina, S Vasseur, G Vaughan, N Vaziri, K Ventura, S Verdugo, A Vergani, S Vermeulen, MA Verzocchi, M Vicenzi, M de Souza, HV Vignoli, C Vilela, C Viren, B Vrba, T Wachala, T Waldron, AV Wallbank, M Wallis, C Wang, H Wang, J Wang, L Wang, MHLS Wang, Y Wang, Y Warburton, K Warner, D Wascko, MO Waters, D Watson, A Weatherly, P Weber, A Weber, M Wei, H Weinstein, A Wenman, D Wetstein, M White, A Whitehead, LH Whittington, D Wilking, MJ Wilkinson, C Williams, Z Wilson, F Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, W Wolcott, J Wongjirad, T Wood, A Wood, K Worcester, E Worcester, M Wret, C Wu, W Wu, W Xiao, Y Xie, F Yandel, E Yang, G Yang, K Yang, T Yankelevich, A Yershov, N Yonehara, K Young, T Yu, B Yu, H Yu, H Yu, J Yuan, W Zaki, R Zalesak, J Zambelli, L Zamorano, B Zani, A Zazueta, L Zeller, GP Zennamo, J Zeug, K Zhang, C Zhao, M Zhivun, E Zhu, G Zimmerman, ED Zucchelli, S Zuklin, J Zutshi, V Zwaska, R
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2022 Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.
Dates:	Accepted: 14 March 2022 Published (online): 25 April 2022 Published: 25 April 2022
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number Science and Technology Facilities Council ST/W000547/1; ST/S000747/1; ST/S003398/1; ST/R006709/1 Science and Technology Facilities Council ST/R000042/1; ST/P00573X/1; ST/N000277/1; ST/N001141/1; ST/M002667/1
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	16 May 2022 13:34
Last Modified:	16 May 2022 13:34
Status:	Published
Publisher:	American Physical Society
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.1103/physrevd.105.072006
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:186843

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Low exposure long-baseline neutrino oscillation sensitivity of the DUNE experiment

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