Smith-Johnsen, C, Marsh, DR orcid.org/0000-0001-6699-494X, Orsolini, Y et al. (5 more authors) (2018) Nitric Oxide Response to the April 2010 Electron Precipitation Event: Using WACCM and WACCM‐D With and Without Medium‐Energy Electrons. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123 (6). pp. 5232-5245. ISSN 2169-9402
Abstract
Energetic electrons from the magnetosphere deposit their energy in the atmosphere and lead to production of nitric oxide (NO) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). We study the atmospheric NO response to a geomagnetic storm in April 2010 with WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model). Modeled NO is compared to observations by SOFIE/AIM (Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment / Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere) at 72‐82° S latitudes. We investigate the modeled NOs sensitivity to changes in energy and chemistry. The electron energy model input is either a parameterization of auroral electrons or a full range energy spectrum (1‐750 keV) from NOAA/POES (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration / Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites) and EUMETSAT/MetOp (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites / Meteorological Operational satellites). To study the importance of ion chemistry for the production of NO, WACCM‐D, which has more complex ion chemistry, is used. Both standard WACCM and WACCM‐D underestimate the storm time NO increase in the main production region (90‐110 km), using both electron energy inputs. At and below 80 km, including medium energy electrons (>30 keV) is important both for NO directly produced at this altitude region and for NO transported from other regions (indirect effect). By using WACCM‐D the direct NO production is improved, while the indirect effects on NO suffer from the downward propagating deficiency above. In conclusion, both a full range energy spectrum and ion chemistry is needed throughout the MLT region to increase the direct and indirect contribution from electrons on NO.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | ©2018. The Authors.This is an open access article under theterms of the Creative CommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivsLicense, which permits use anddistribution in any medium, providedthe original work is properly cited, theuse is non-commercial and nomodifications or adaptations are made. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) > Astrophysics (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 04 Jun 2018 08:43 |
Last Modified: | 14 Feb 2019 15:16 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Geophysical Union |
Identification Number: | 10.1029/2018JA025418 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:131555 |
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