Upper Limits on Gravitational Waves from Scorpius X-1 from a Model-based Cross-correlation Search in Advanced LIGO Data

Abstract

We present the results of a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using data from the first Advanced LIGO observing run. The search method uses details of the modeled, parametrized continuous signal to combine coherently data separated by less than a specified coherence time, which can be adjusted to trade off sensitivity against computational cost. A search was conducted over the frequency range 25–2000 Hz, spanning the current observationally constrained range of binary orbital parameters. No significant detection candidates were found, and frequency-dependent upper limits were set using a combination of sensitivity estimates and simulated signal injections. The most stringent upper limit was set at 175 Hz, with comparable limits set across the most sensitive frequency range from 100 to 200 Hz. At this frequency, the 95% upper limit on the signal amplitude h0 is ´ - 2.3 10 25 marginalized over the unknown inclination angle of the neutron star’s spin, and ´ - 8.0 10 26 assuming the best orientation (which results in circularly polarized gravitational waves). These limits are a factor of 3–4 stronger than those set by other analyses of the same data, and a factor of ∼7 stronger than the best upper limits set using data from Initial LIGO science runs. In the vicinity of 100 Hz, the limits are a factor of between 1.2 and 3.5 above the predictions of the torque balance model, depending on the inclination angle; if the most likely inclination angle of 44° is assumed, they are within a factor of 1.7.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Abbott, BP Abbott, R Abbott, TD Acernese, F Ackley, K Adams, C Adams, T Addesso, P Adhikari, RX Adya, VB Affeldt, C Afrough, M Agarwal, B Agathos, M Agatsuma, K Aggarwal, N Aguiar, OD Aiello, L Ain, A Ajith, P Allen, B Allen, G Allocca, A Altin, PA Amato, A Ananyeva, A Anderson, SB Anderson, WG Antier, S Appert, S Arai, K Araya, MC Areeda, JS Arnaud, N Arun, KG Ascenzi, S Ashton, G Ast, M Aston, SM Astone, P Aufmuth, P Aulbert, C AultONeal, K Avila-Alvarez, A Babak, S Bacon, P Bader, MKM Bae, S Baker, PT Baldaccini, F Ballardin, G Ballmer, SW Banagiri, S Barayoga, JC Barclay, SE Barish, BC Barker, D Barone, F Barr, B Barsotti, L Barsuglia, M Barta, D Bartlett, J Bartos, I Bassiri, R Basti, A Batch, JC Baune, C Bawaj, M Bazzan, M Becsy, B Beer, C Bejger, M Belahcene, I Bell, AS Berger, BK Bergmann, G Berry, CPL Bersanetti, D Bertolini, A Betzwieser, J Bhagwat, S Bhandare, R Bilenko, IA Billingsley, G Billman, CR Birch, J Birney, R Birnholtz, O Biscans, S Bisht, A Bitossi, M Biwer, C Bizouard, MA Blackburn, JK Blackman, J Blair, CD Blair, DG Blair, RM Bloemen, S Bock, O Bode, N Boer, M Bogaert, G Bohe, A Bondu, F Bonnand, R Boom, BA Bork, R Boschi, V Bose, S Bouffanais, Y Bozzi, A Bradaschia, C Brady, PR Braginsky, VB Branchesi, M Brau, JE Briant, T Brillet, A Brinkmann, M Brisson, V Brockill, P Broida, JE Brooks, AF Brown, DA Brown, DD Brown, NM Brunett, S Buchanan, CC Buikema, A Bulik, T Bulten, HJ Buonanno, A Buskulic, D Buy, C Byer, RL Cabero, M Cadonati, L Cagnoli, G Cahillane, C Bustillo, JC Callister, TA Calloni, E Camp, JB Canepa, M Canizares, P Cannon, KC Cao, H Cao, J Capano, CD Capocasa, E Carbognani, F Caride, S Carney, MF Diaz, JC Casentini, C Caudill, S Cavaglia, M Cavalier, F Cavalieri, R Cella, G Cepeda, CB Baiardi, LC Cerretani, G Cesarini, E Chamberlin, SJ Chan, M Chao, S Charlton, P Chassande-Mottin, E Chatterjee, D Chatziioannou, K Cheeseboro, BD Chen, HY Chen, Y Cheng, H-P Chincarini, A Chiummo, A Chmiel, T Cho, HS Cho, M Chow, JH Christensen, N Chu, Q Chua, AJK Chua, S Chung, AKW Chung, S Ciani, G Ciolfi, R Cirelli, CE Cirone, A Clara, F Clark, JA Cleva, F Cocchieri, C Coccia, E Cohadon, P-F Colla, A Collette, CG Cominsky, LR Jr, CM Conti, L Cooper, SJ Corban, P Corbitt, TR Corley, KR Cornish, N Corsi, A Cortese, S Costa, CA Coughlin, MW Coughlin, SB Coulon, J-P Countryman, ST Couvares, P Covas, PB Cowan, EE Coward, DM Cowart, MJ Coyne, DC Coyne, R Creighton, JDE Creighton, TD Cripe, J Crowder, SG Cullen, TJ Cumming, A Cunningham, L Cuoco, E Dal Canton, T Danilishin, SL D'Antonio, S Danzmann, K Dasgupta, A Da Silva Costa, CF Dattilo, V Dave, I Davier, M Davis, D Daw, EJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-5430 Day, B De, S Debra, D Deelman, E Degallaix, J De laurentis, M Deleglise, S Del Pozzo, W Denker, T Dent, T Dergachev, V De Rosa, R DeRosa, RT DeSalvo, R Devenson, J Devine, RC Dhurandhar, S Diaz, MC Di Fiore, L Di Giovanni, M Di Girolamo, T Di Lieto, A Di Pace, S Di Palma, I Di Renzo, F Doctor, Z Dolique, V Donovan, F Dooley, KL Doravari, S Dorrington, I Douglas, R Alvarez, MD Downes, TP Drago, M Drever, RWP Driggers, JC Du, Z Ducrot, M Duncan, J Dwyer, SE Edo, TB Edwards, MC Effler, A Eggenstein, H-B Ehrens, P Eichholz, J Eikenberry, SS Eisenstein, RA Essick, RC Etienne, ZB Etzel, T Evans, M Evans, TM Factourovich, M Fafone, V Fair, H Fairhurst, S Fan, X Farinon, S Farr, B Farr, WM Fauchon-Jones, EJ Favata, M Fays, M Fehrmann, H Feicht, J Fejer, MM Fernandez-Galiana, A Ferrante, I Ferreira, EC Ferrini, F Fidecaro, F Fiori, I Fiorucci, D Fisher, RP Flaminio, R Fletcher, M Fong, H Forsyth, PWF Forsyth, SS Fournier, J-D Frasca, S Frasconi, F Frei, Z Freise, A Frey, R Frey, V Fries, EM Fritschel, P Frolov, VV Fulda, P Fyffe, M Gabbard, H Gabel, M Gadre, BU Gaebel, SM Gair, JR Galloway, DK Gammaitoni, L Ganija, MR Gaonkar, SG Garufi, F Gaudio, S Gaur, G Gayathri, V Gehrels, N Gemme, G Genin, E Gennai, A George, D George, J Gergely, L Germain, V Ghonge, S Ghosh, A Ghosh, A Ghosh, S Giaime, JA Giardina, KD Giazotto, A Gill, K Glover, L Goetz, E Goetz, R Gomes, S Gonzlez, G Castro, JMG Gopakumar, A Gorodetsky, ML Gossan, SE Gosselin, M Gouaty, R Grado, A Graef, C Granata, M Grant, A Gras, S Gray, C Greco, G Green, AC Groot, P Grote, H Grunewald, S Gruning, P Guidi, GM Guo, X Gupta, A Gupta, MK Gushwa, KE Gustafson, EK Gustafson, R Hall, BR Hall, ED Hammond, G Haney, M Hanke, MM Hanks, J Hanna, C Hannuksela, OA Hanson, J Hardwick, T Harms, J Harry, GM Harry, IW Hart, MJ Haster, C-J Haughian, K Healy, J Heidmann, A Heintze, MC Heitmann, H Hello, P Hemming, G Hendry, M Heng, IS Hennig, J Henry, J Heptonstall, AW Heurs, M Hild, S Hoak, D Hofman, D Holt, K Holz, DE Hopkins, P Horst, C Hough, J Houston, EA Howell, EJ Hu, YM Huerta, EA Huet, D Hughey, B Husa, S Huttner, SH Huynh-Dinh, T Indik, N Ingram, DR Inta, R Intini, G Isa, HN Isac, J-M Isi, M Iyer, BR Izumi, K Jacqmin, T Jani, K Jaranowski, P Jawahar, S Jimenez-Forteza, F Johnson, WW Jones, DI Jones, R Jonker, RJG Ju, L Junker, J Kalaghatgi, CV Kalogera, V Kandhasamy, S Kang, G Kanner, JB Karki, S Karvinen, KS Kasprzack, M Katolik, M Katsavounidis, E Katzman, W Kaufer, S Kawabe, K Kefelian, F Keitel, D Kemball, AJ Kennedy, R Kent, C Key, JS Khalili, FY Khan, I Khan, S Khan, Z Khazanov, EA Kijbunchoo, N Kim, C Kim, JC Kim, W Kim, WS Kim, Y-M Kimbrell, SJ King, EJ King, PJ Kirchhoff, R Kissel, JS Kleybolte, L Klimenko, S Koch, P Koehlenbeck, SM Koley, S Kondrashov, V Kontos, A Korobko, M Korth, WZ Kowalska, I Kozak, DB Krmer, C Kringel, V Krishnan, B Krolak, A Kuehn, G Kumar, P Kumar, R Kumar, S Kuo, L Kutynia, A Kwang, S Lackey, BD Lai, KH Landry, M Lang, RN Lange, J Lantz, B Lanza, RK Lartaux-Vollard, A Lasky, PD Laxen, M Lazzarini, A Lazzaro, C Leaci, P Leavey, S Lee, CH Lee, HK Lee, HM Lee, HW Lee, K Lehmann, J Lenon, A Leonardi, M Leroy, N Letendre, N Levin, Y Li, TGF Libson, A Littenberg, TB Liu, J Lo, RKL Lockerbie, NA London, LT Lord, JE Lorenzini, M Loriette, V Lormand, M Losurdo, G Lough, JD Lousto, CO Lovelace, G Luck, H Lumaca, D Lundgren, AP Lynch, R Ma, Y Macfoy, S Machenschalk, B MacInnis, M Macleod, DM Hernandez, IM Magana-Sandoval, F Zertuche, LM Magee, RM Majorana, E Maksimovic, I Man, N Mandic, V Mangano, V Mansell, GL Manske, M Mantovani, M Marchesoni, F Marion, F Marka, S Marka, Z Markakis, C Markosyan, AS Maros, E Martelli, F Martellini, L Martin, IW Martynov, DV Mason, K Masserot, A Massinger, TJ Masso-Reid, M Mastrogiovanni, S Matas, A Matichard, F Matone, L Mavalvala, N Mayani, R Mazumder, N McCarthy, R McClelland, DE McCormick, S McCuller, L McGuire, SC McIntyre, G McIver, J McManus, DJ McRae, T McWilliams, ST Meacher, D Meadors, GD Meidam, J Mejuto-Villa, E Melatos, A Mendell, G Mercer, RA Merilh, EL Merzougui, M Meshkov, S Messenger, C Messick, C Metzdorff, R Meyers, PM Mezzani, F Miao, H Michel, C Middleton, H Mikhailov, EE Milano, L Miller, AL Miller, A Miller, BB Miller, J Millhouse, M Minazzoli, O Minenkov, Y Ming, J Mishra, C Mitra, S Mitrofanov, VP Mitselmakher, G Mittleman, R Moggi, A Mohan, M Mohapatra, SRP Montani, M Moore, BC Moore, CJ Moraru, D Moreno, G Morriss, SR Mours, B Mow-Lowry, CM Mueller, G Muir, AW Mukherjee, A Mukherjee, D Mukherjee, S Mukund, N Mullavey, A Munch, J Muniz, EAM Murray, PG Napier, K Nardecchia, I Naticchioni, L Nayak, RK Nelemans, G Nelson, TJN Neri, M Nery, M Neunzert, A Newport, JM Newton, G Ng, KKY Nguyen, TT Nichols, D Nielsen, AB Nissanke, S Nitz, A Noack, A Nocera, F Nolting, D Normandin, MEN Nuttall, LK Oberling, J Ochsner, E Oelker, E Ogin, GH Oh, JJ Oh, SH Ohme, F Oliver, M Oppermann, P Oram, RJ O'Reilly, B Ormiston, R Ortega, LF O'Shaughnessy, R Ottaway, DJ Overmier, H Owen, BJ Pace, AE Page, J Page, MA Pai, A Pai, SA Palamos, JR Palashov, O Palomba, C Pal-Singh, A Pan, H Pang, B Pang, PTH Pankow, C Pannarale, F Pant, BC Paoletti, F Paoli, A Papa, MA Paris, HR Parker, W Pascucci, D Pasqualetti, A Passaquieti, R Passuello, D Patricelli, B Pearlstone, BL Pedraza, M Pedurand, R Pekowsky, L Pele, A Penn, S Perez, CJ Perreca, A Perri, LM Pfeiffer, HP Phelps, M Piccinni, OJ Pichot, M Piergiovanni, F Pierro, V Pillant, G Pinard, L Pinto, IM Pitkin, M Poggiani, R Popolizio, P Porter, EK Post, A Powell, J Prasad, J Pratt, JWW Predoi, V Prestegard, T Prijatelj, M Principe, M Privitera, S Prix, R Prodi, GA Prokhorov, LG Puncken, O Punturo, M Puppo, P Prrer, M Qi, H Qin, J Qiu, S Quetschke, V Quintero, EA Quitzow-James, R Raab, FJ Rabeling, DS Radkins, H Raffai, P Raja, S Rajan, C Rakhmanov, M Ramirez, KE Rapagnani, P Raymond, V Razzano, M Read, J Regimbau, T Rei, L Reid, S Reitze, DH Rew, H Reyes, SD Ricci, F Ricker, PM Rieger, S Riles, K Rizzo, M Robertson, NA Robie, R Robinet, F Rocchi, A Rolland, L Rollins, JG Roma, VJ Romano, R Romel, CL Romie, JH Rosinska, D Ross, MP Rowan, S Ruediger, A Ruggi, P Ryan, K Rynge, M Sachdev, S Sadecki, T Sadeghian, L Sakellariadou, M Salconi, L Saleem, M Salemi, F Samajdar, A Sammut, L Sampson, LM Sanchez, EJ Sandberg, V Sandeen, B Sanders, JR Sassolas, B Sathyaprakash, BS Saulson, PR Sauter, O Savage, RL Sawadsky, A Schale, P Scheuer, J Schmidt, E Schmidt, J Schmidt, P Schnabel, R Schofield, RMS Schoenbeck, A Schoenbeck, A Schreiber, E Schuette, D Schulte, BW Schutz, BF Schwalbe, SG Scott, J Scott, SM Seidel, E Sellers, D Sengupta, AS Sentenac, D Sequino, V Sergeev, A Shaddock, DA Shaffer, TJ Shah, AA Shahriar, MS Shao, L Shapiro, B Shawhan, P Sheperd, A Shoemaker, DH Shoemaker, DM Siellez, K Siemens, X Sieniawska, M Sigg, D Silva, AD Singer, A Singer, LP Singh, A Singh, R Singhal, A Sintes, AM Slagmolen, BJJ Smith, B Smith, JR Smith, RJE Son, EJ Sonnenberg, JA Sorazu, B Sorrentino, F Souradeep, T Spencer, AP Srivastava, AK Staley, A Steinke, M Steinlechner, J Steinlechner, S Steinmeyer, D Stephens, BC Stone, R Strain, KA Stratta, G Strigin, SE Sturani, R Stuver, AL Summerscales, TZ Sun, L Sunil, S Sutton, PJ Swinkels, BL Szczepanczyk, MJ Tacca, M Talukder, D Tanner, DB Tapai, M Taracchini, A Taylor, JA Taylor, R Theeg, T Thomas, EG Thomas, M Thomas, P Thorne, KA Thorne, KS Thrane, E Tiwari, S Tiwari, V Tokmakov, KV Toland, K Tonelli, M Tornasi, Z Torrie, CI Tayra, D Travasso, F Traylor, G Trifiro, D Trinastic, J Tringali, MC Trozzo, L Tsang, KW Tse, M Tso, R Tuyenbayev, D Ueno, K Ugolini, D Unnikrishnan, CS Urban, AL Usman, SA Vahi, K Vahlbruch, H Vajente, G Valdes, G Vallisneri, M van Bakel, N van Beuzekom, M van den Brand, JFJ Van den Broeck, C Vander-Hyde, DC van der Schaaf, L Van Heijningen, JV van Veggel, AA Vardaro, M Varma, V Vass, S Vasuth, M Vecchio, A Vedovato, G Veitch, J Veitch, PJ Venkateswara, K Venugopalan, G Verkindt, D Vetrano, F Vicere, A Viets, AD Vinciguerra, S Vine, DJ Vinet, J-Y Vitale, S Vo, T Vocca, H Vorvick, C Voss, DV Vousden, WD Vyatchanin, SP Wade, AR Wade, LE Wade, M Walet, R Walker, M Wallace, L Walsh, S Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JZ Wang, M Wang, Y-F Wang, Y Ward, RL Warner, J Was, M Watchi, J Weaver, B Wei, L-W Weinert, M Weinstein, AJ Weiss, R Wen, L Wessel, EK Wessels, P Westphal, T Wette, K Whelan, JT Whiting, BF Whittle, C Williams, D Williams, RD Williamson, AR Willis, JL Willke, B Wimmer, MH Winkler, W Wipf, CC Wittel, H Woan, G Woehler, J Wofford, J Wong, KWK Worden, J Wright, JL Wu, DS Wu, G Yam, W Yamamoto, H Yancey, CC Yap, MJ Yu, H Yu, H Yvert, M Zanolin, M Zelenova, T Zendri, J-P Zevin, M Zhang, L Zhang, M Zhang, T Zhang, Y-H Zhao, C Zhou, M Zhou, Z Zhu, XJ Zucker, ME Zweizig, J Steeghs, D Wang, L Virgo, LIGOSC
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Keywords:	accretion,accretion disks; gravitational waves; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries
Dates:	Published: 20 September 2017
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield)
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	24 Oct 2017 12:03
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2017 12:03
Published Version:	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa86f0
Status:	Published
Publisher:	American Astronomical Society
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.3847/1538-4357/aa86f0
Related URLs:	Author
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:123016

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Upper Limits on Gravitational Waves from Scorpius X-1 from a Model-based Cross-correlation Search in Advanced LIGO Data

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