McHugh, D. (2015) "I'll Never Know Exactly Who Did What": Broadway Composers as Musical Collaborators. Journal of the American Musicological Society, 68 (3). 605 - 652. ISSN 0003-0139
Abstract
Though published vocal scores of Broadway musicals imply sole musical authorship the archives reveal a more complex picture. Five case studies illustrate different approaches to the compositional process in the 1940s and 1950s: Richard Rodgers, who produced fair copies in piano-vocal score for each of his songs; Cole Porter, who regularly used an amanuensis but sometimes produced fair copies; Frank Loesser, who initially used an amanuensis but later in his career produced detailed fragments of music for his arrangers to turn into performance scores; Frederick Loewe, who worked closely with an arranger to produce fair copies; and Robert Wright and George Forrest, who went through a complicated process of selecting and adapting the work of composers of art music such as Borodin and Rachmaninov. Detailed study of the available manuscripts makes clear that score production was nearly always a collaborative activity on Broadway, whether it involved amanuenses, copyists, arrangers, or orchestrators. Although in each of these cases the named composer retains an authorial role, in practical terms the archives reveal them to be “collaborators” rather than “authors,” working as a member of a team to create each performance score. As such, their aims were to facilitate performance events rather than to produce fixed works.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Published as: McHugh, D. “I'll Never Know Exactly Who Did What”: Broadway Composers as Musical Collaborators, Journal of the American Musicological Society, Vol. 68 No. 3, Fall 2015; (pp. 605-652) DOI: 10.1525/jams.2015.68.3.605. © 2015 by the American Musicological Society. Copying and permissions notice: Authorization to copy this content beyond fair use (as specified in Sections 107 and 108 of the U. S. Copyright Law) for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by the American Musicological Society for libraries and other users, provided that they are registered with and pay the specified fee via Rightslink® or directly with the Copyright Clearance Center. |
Keywords: | Richard Rodgers; Frederick Loewe; Frank Loesser; Forrest and Wright; Cole Porter |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Arts and Humanities (Sheffield) > Department of Music (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 26 Nov 2015 16:38 |
Last Modified: | 17 Feb 2016 11:01 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jams.2015.68.3.605 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | University of California Press |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1525/jams.2015.68.3.605 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:92185 |