Liu, Y. orcid.org/0000-0002-9367-3532, Chen, H., Yin, C. et al. (5 more authors) (2025) A Flow-Speed Model for Motorways in England: Analysis Under Various Weather Conditions. Atmosphere, 16 (2). 117. ISSN 2073-4433
Abstract
This work proposes a single regime speed–flow model to fit the speed–flow relationship on the M25, London’s main motorway which is recurrently congested, especially near Heathrow Airport. The proposed model had a better performance compared with the existing classic models. A whole year’s field data on various sites of the M25 motorway were collected by the National Highways MIDAS (Motorway Incident Detection and Automatic Signalling) system and analysed. The proposed model was fitter on both four-lane and lane-by-lane conditions than the existing models, in terms of lower relative error and RMSE values and higher R2 values (minimum R2 = 0.79), which means the proposed model captured the speed–flow relationship better. In addition, the proposed model was used to fit traffic characteristics under different weather conditions and decided the threshold of the CM algorithms using the Gaussian function. The results showed that both free-flow speed and road capacity were significantly reduced by up to 7% and 11%, respectively, under different rainfall conditions, and that congestion management should be triggered in advance on rainy days. Further analysis of extensive data over a wider space and time is required to test the transferability of these findings to other contexts.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
Keywords: | single-regime model; speed–flow relationship; traffic flow; traffic speed; M25 motorway |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > Institute for Transport Studies (Leeds) > ITS: Spatial Modelling and Dynamics (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 27 Jan 2025 15:02 |
Last Modified: | 27 Jan 2025 15:02 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | MDPI |
Identification Number: | 10.3390/atmos16020117 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:222302 |