3D-measurement of particles and particulate assemblies - A review of the paradigm shift in describing anisotropic particles

The goal of seeking advanced solutions to the descriptions of particle shape, packing and tomographic measurement were key areas promoted by Professor Reg Davies. In this paper we review and reflect on the revolution that has taken place over the last 30 years in our ability to describe and measure particle shape going beyond simple shape factors to their real morphologies of complex particles and particulate assemblies. The paper presents a comprehensive review of how shape has been described and some critical analyses in the form of extended tabulations. We show how digital approaches to particle descriptions can be used to predict the properties of particles and assemblies and their use in simulations of particle processing. We note the current status and prospects for the continued development of microtomographic systems to enable the measurement of particle shape in 3D and also the 3D imaging of complex particulate structures to enable property and processing predictions. Examples of these developments and critical appraisal of their utility will be given.