Montgomery, J. orcid.org/0009-0005-9479-5450, Hammersley, C., Wilson, M.C.T. orcid.org/0000-0002-1058-2003 et al. (2 more authors) (2024) Moving beyond Flow Factors: Modeling Full Film Lubrication with Representative Surface Topography Using Heterogeneous Multiscale Methods. Lubricants, 12 (9). 305. ISSN 2075-4442
Abstract
Lubrication modeling has long been dominated by the well-established Patir and Cheng flow factors method. The flow factors approach allows for accurate estimates of macroscale parameters (such as friction) in a reasonable amount of time. These methods are stochastic representations of microscale interactions and are not able to predict local scale (pressure, film thickness) phenomena with a suitable degree of accuracy. This contrasts with a deterministic approach, where a numerical grid must be applied that fully defines the microscale surface topography across the contact. The mesh resolution required leads to prohibitively long execution times and lacks scalability to engineering systems, but provides accurate predictions of local scale phenomena. In this paper, heterogeneous multiscale methods (HMM) are expanded to model varying and are, therefore, more representative of surface topography within lubricated contacts. This representative topography is derived from measured data, thereby allowing the accuracy of deterministic methods to be achieved with the speed of a flow factor method. This framework is then applied to compare key performance characteristics (pressure, film thickness, etc.) when idealized, Gaussian, and measured surface topography are modeled. The variations in microscale geometry are defined by measurements from across two tilted-pad bearings, demonstrating the ability of the expanded HMM framework to model representative surface topography. A comparison with a deterministic method is included as validation, and outputs of the HMM are discussed in the context of the lubrication across multiple length scales.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). |
Keywords: | EHL; multiscale modelling; surface topography; metrology |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Mechanical Engineering (Leeds) > Institute of Engineering Thermofluids, Surfaces & Interfaces (iETSI) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 04 Sep 2024 13:25 |
Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2024 13:25 |
Published Version: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/9/305 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | MDPI |
Identification Number: | 10.3390/lubricants12090305 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:216781 |