Exploring the Dynamics of Risk and Quality in Solar Photovoltaic Systems

• Large-scale application of electroluminescence (EL) testing conducted at night on 85,000 PV modules. • Integration of automated classification system for meticulous categorization of defects [1]. • Detailed temporal analysis from 2015 to 2023, supplemented by predictive modeling up to 2045. • Escalating degradation rate and emphasizing the need for enhanced production technologies and maintenance protocols.