Dhandapani, Y. orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-5474, Marsh, A.T.M. orcid.org/0000-0002-5603-4643, Rahmon, S. et al. (3 more authors) (2023) Suitability of excavated London Clay as a supplementary cementitious material: Mineralogy and Reactivity. Materials and Structures, 56. 174. ISSN 1359-5997
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of producing supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) using London Clay excavated from construction activities of the High Speed 2 rail project. A trade-off between enhancing reactivity versus decomposition of impurities (e.g., pyrite, carbonates) present in different London Clay samples was considered in selecting the calcination temperature. The additional reactivity obtained by calcining at 800 °C is deemed to be worth the cost of the small additional process emissions from decomposition of carbonate minerals. Blended cement formulations were developed with the produced SCMs, with replacement levels of 50 and 70 wt%. The optimal gypsum dosage was found to be 1 wt%, which resulted in improved reaction kinetics at early ages. Mortars produced with these binders developed ~50 MPa compressive strength after 90 days of curing even with 70 wt% replacement, which is sufficient for potential production of low to medium strength concretes. These findings demonstrate the excellent potential of London Clays for SCM production and present a systematic approach for characterisation, processing and utilization of excavated mixed clays obtained from infrastructure projects.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Ⓒ The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
Keywords: | Excavated material; Calcined clays; Supplementary cementitious materials; Reactivity |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Civil Engineering (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 30 Oct 2023 10:32 |
Last Modified: | 22 Jan 2025 10:15 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer |
Identification Number: | 10.1617/s11527-023-02260-3 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:204662 |