Davidson, Daniel J, Lu, Fei, Faas, Laura et al. (17 more authors) (2023) Organosolv Pretreatment of Cocoa Pod Husks:Isolation, Analysis, and Use of Lignin from an Abundant Waste Product. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. pp. 14323-14333. ISSN 2168-0485
Abstract
Cocoa pod husks (CPHs) represent an underutilized component of the chocolate manufacturing process. While industry's current focus is understandably on the cocoa beans, the husks make up around 75 wt % of the fruit. Previous studies have been dominated by the carbohydrate polymers present in CPHs, but this work highlights the presence of the biopolymer lignin in this biomass. An optimized organosolv lignin isolation protocol was developed, delivering significant practical improvements. This new protocol may also prove to be useful for agricultural waste-derived biomasses in general. NMR analysis of the high quality lignin led to an improved structural understanding, with evidence provided to support deacetylation of the lignin occurring during the optimized pretreatment. Chemical transformation, using a tosylation, azidation, copper-catalyzed click protocol, delivered a modified lignin oligomer with an organophosphorus motif attached. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to demonstrate the oligomer's potential as a flame-retardant. Preliminary analysis of the other product streams isolated from the CPHs was also carried out.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Biology (York) The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Biology (York) > Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP) (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 09 Oct 2023 14:00 |
Last Modified: | 06 Nov 2024 01:53 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03670 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03670 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:204100 |
Downloads
Filename: Revised_CPH_Manuscript_Draft_22.docx
Description: Revised CPH Manuscript Draft 22