Hewitt, RE, Chappell, HF orcid.org/0000-0003-2043-0422 and Powell, JJ (2020) Small and dangerous? Potential toxicity mechanisms of common exposure particles and nanoparticles. Current Opinion in Toxicology, 19. pp. 93-98. ISSN 2468-2020
Abstract
We are continuously exposed to large numbers of nonbiological, persistent particulates through dermal, oral and inhalation routes. At sizes perfect for cell interactions, such modern particle exposures are derived from human engineering either purposefully (e.g. additives/excipients) or inadvertently (e.g. pollution). Whether oral or dermal exposure to common particles has significant adverse effects is not yet known. However, relationships between increased morbidity or mortality and airborne particle exposure are well established. Large nanoparticles and microparticles adsorb environmental molecules, including antigens and allergens, and deliver them to cells potentially with an adjuvant effect. Smaller nanoparticles may have enhanced redox activity because of increased surface areas or band gap effects. Under some circumstances, ultrasmall nanoparticles can ligate cellular receptors or interact with other cell machinery and drive distinct cell signalling. These, as well as the potential for inflammasome activation, are discussed as feasible pathways to understanding or debunking particle toxicity.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Authors/Creators: |
|
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. This is an author produced version of a paper published in Current Opinion in Toxicology. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Environment; Nanoparticles; Microparticles; Toxicity; Exposure; Mechanisms |
Dates: |
|
Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Food Science and Nutrition (Leeds) > FSN Colloids and Food Processing (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 03 Feb 2020 16:46 |
Last Modified: | 30 Jan 2021 01:38 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.cotox.2020.01.006 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:156325 |
Download
Filename: Hewitt Chappell Powell COTOX accepted.pdf
Licence: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0