Kharrufa, H, Al-Kashoash, HAA and Kemp, AH (2019) RPL-Based Routing Protocols in IoT Applications: A Review. IEEE Sensors Journal, 19 (15). pp. 5952-5967. ISSN 1530-437X
Abstract
In the last few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has proved to be an interesting and promising paradigm that aims to contribute to countless applications by connecting more physical 'things' to the Internet. Although it emerged as a major enabler for many next-generation applications, it also introduced new challenges to already saturated networks. The IoT is already coming to life especially in healthcare and smart environment applications adding a large number of low-powered sensors and actuators to improve lifestyle and introduce new services to the community. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) developed RPL as the routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (LLNs) and standardized it in RFC6550 in 2012. RPL quickly gained interest, and many research papers were introduced to evaluate and improve its performance in different applications. In this paper, we present a discussion of the main aspects of RPL and the advantages and disadvantages of using it in different IoT applications. We also review the available research related to RPL in a systematic manner based on the enhancement area and the service type. In addition to that, we compare related RPL-based protocols in terms of energy efficiency, reliability, flexibility, robustness, and security. Finally, we present our conclusions and discuss the possible future directions of RPL and its applicability in the Internet of the future.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | (c) 2019, IEEE. This is an author produced version of a paper published in the IEEE Sensors Journal. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving permission. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. |
Keywords: | Routing , WSN , IoT , RPL , mobility , game theory , 6LoWPAN , IoMT; Internet of Things , Peer-to-peer computing , Reliability , Wireless sensor networks , Linear programming , Routing |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering (Leeds) > Robotics, Autonomous Systems & Sensing (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2019 16:39 |
Last Modified: | 08 Aug 2019 10:07 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | IEEE |
Identification Number: | 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2910881 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:148843 |