Dunneram, Y orcid.org/0000-0002-1012-7350, Greenwood, DC orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-3096 and Cade, JE orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-0121 (2019) Diet, menopause and the risk of ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 78 (3). pp. 438-448. ISSN 0029-6651
Abstract
Menopause, the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle, marks the end of a woman’s reproductive span. In addition to changes in sex hormone levels associated with menopause, its timing is another predictor of future health outcomes such as duration of the presence of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and the risk of hormone-related cancers. With aging of the population, it is estimated that worldwide 1.2 billion women will be menopausal by the year 2030. Previously the effects of reproductive factors (e.g. parity, age at menarche, pregnancy) and socio-demographic factors on intermediate and long-term health outcomes of menopause have been widely documented. However, little is known about whether diet could have an impact on these. Therefore, we review current evidence on the associations of diet with menopause, presence of VMS and the risk of hormone-related cancers such as ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer. Dietary factors could influence the lifespan of the ovaries and sex-hormones levels, hence the timing of natural menopause. Few studies reported an association between diet, in particular soy consumption and a reduced risk of VMS. Sustained estrogen exposure has been associated with a higher risk of hormone-related cancers and thus high fat and meat diets have been linked with an increased risk of these cancers. However, to better understand the mechanistic pathways involved and to make stronger conclusions for these relationships, further studies investigating the associations of dietary intakes and dietary patterns with menopause, presence of VMS and the risk of hormone-related cancers are required.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Authors 2019. All rights reserved. This is an author produced version of a paper published in the Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | diet; onset of menopause; vasomotor symptoms; ovarian cancer; endometrial cancer; breast cancer |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Food Science and Nutrition (Leeds) > FSN Nutrition and Public Health (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) > Clinical & Population Science Dept (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2018 15:03 |
Last Modified: | 15 Aug 2019 08:51 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Cambridge University Press |
Identification Number: | 10.1017/S0029665118002884 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:139730 |