Galindo-Nava, E.I., Rainforth, W.M. orcid.org/0000-0003-3898-0318 and Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo, P.E.J. (2016) Predicting microstructure and strength of maraging steels: Elemental optimisation. Acta Materialia, 117. pp. 270-285. ISSN 1359-6454
Abstract
A physics–based modelling framework to describe microstructure and mechanical properties in maraging steels is presented. It is based on prescribing the hierarchical structure of the martensitic matrix, including dislocation density, and lath and high–angle grain boundary spacing. The evolution of lath–shaped reverted austenite is described using grain–boundary diffusion laws within a lath unit. The dislocation density provides the preferential nucleation sites for precipitation, whereas descriptions for particle nucleation, growth and coarsening evolution are identified for Ni3Ti, NiAl and its variants, and BCC–Cu clusters. These results are combined to describe the hardness at different ageing temperatures in several [Formula presented], [Formula presented] and [Formula presented] steels. A critical assessment on individual contributions of typical alloying elements is performed. Ni and Mn control the kinetics of austenite formation, where the latter shows stronger influence on the growth kinetics. Ti additions induce higher hardness by precipitating stronger Ni3Ti, whereas Cu clusters induce low strength. A relationship between the reverted austenite and the total elongation in overaging conditions is also found. This result allows to identify optimal process and alloy design scenarios to improve the ductility whilst preserving high hardness in commercial maraging steels.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016 Elsevier. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Acta Materialia. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number ENGINEERING AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL (EPSRC) EP/L025213/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 03 Aug 2016 09:00 |
Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2017 04:20 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.07.020 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.07.020 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:103341 |