Smith, CEL orcid.org/0000-0001-8320-5105, Murillo, G, Brookes, SJ orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-7311 et al. (5 more authors) (2016) Deletion of amelotin exons 3-6 is associated with amelogenesis imperfecta. Human Molecular Genetics, 25 (16). pp. 3578-3587. ISSN 0964-6906
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of genetic conditions that result in defective dental enamel formation. Amelotin (AMTN) is a secreted protein thought to act as a promoter of matrix mineralisation in the final stage of enamel development, and is strongly expressed, almost exclusively, in maturation stage ameloblasts. Amtn overexpression and Amtn knockout mouse models have defective enamel with no other associated phenotypes, highlighting AMTN as an excellent candidate gene for human AI. However, no AMTN mutations have yet been associated with human AI. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified an 8,678 bp heterozygous genomic deletion encompassing exons 3-6 of AMTN in a Costa Rican family segregating dominant hypomineralised AI. The deletion corresponds to an in-frame deletion of 92 amino acids, shortening the protein from 209 to 117 residues. Exfoliated primary teeth from an affected family member had enamel that was of a lower mineral density compared to control enamel and exhibited structural defects at least some of which appeared to be associated with organic material as evidenced using elemental analysis. This study demonstrates for the first time that AMTN mutations cause non-syndromic human AI and explores the human phenotype, comparing it with that of mice with disrupted Amtn function.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | (c) The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Human Molecular Genetics. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Dentistry (Leeds) > Oral Biology (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Dentistry (Leeds) > Oral Surgery (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Inst of Biomed & Clin Sciences (LIBACS) (Leeds) > Genetics (LIBACS) (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > Institute of Molecular Medicine (LIMM) (Leeds) > Section of Opthalmology and Neurosciences (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2016 13:20 |
Last Modified: | 05 Oct 2017 16:22 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddw203 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Identification Number: | 10.1093/hmg/ddw203 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:103223 |