Bussell, RM, Nichol, R and Toumba, KJ (2016) Fluoride levels in UK infant milks. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry, 17 (3). pp. 177-185. ISSN 1818-6300
Abstract
Aim To provide a comprehensive report of fluoride concentration in UK infant milks and estimate their contribution to daily fluoride intake. Methods A total of 60 formula milk products available commercially or within a hospital environment were analysed, along with eight pasteurised cow’s milk samples. Formula milk products requiring preparation were reconstituted with fresh Leeds tap water (0.02 ppmF). Fluoride concentration was measured for all products directly using an ion selective electrode after addition of low-level total ionic strength adjustment buffer. Results The overall median fluoride concentration for the 68 infant milks was 0.025 ppmF, with a wide range of 0.002–0.282 ppmF. Analysis revealed variation between composition and manufacturer, in addition to differences between measured and labeled fluoride concentration. Although all products contained low fluoride concentration, the fluoride concentrations for formula milks used within the hospital setting (0.029 ppmF) were statistically higher in comparison to the commercial formula milk (0.016 ppmF) and cow’s milk (0.017 ppmF) products. The daily fluoride contribution from infant milks was low; 0.0034 mgF/kg body weight per day was estimated between birth and 6 months of age, further decreasing as intake of infant milk decreased with age. Conclusions Fluoride concentration of the analysed infant milks is low, providing minimal contribution towards total daily F intake and alone are unlikely to pose a threat for the development of dental fluorosis.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
Keywords: | Fluoride; Infant formula; Ready-to-feed; Milk |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Dentistry (Leeds) > Paediatric Dentistry (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 31 Oct 2016 15:09 |
Last Modified: | 31 Oct 2016 15:09 |
Published Version: | http://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-016-0226-z |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer Verlag |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s40368-016-0226-z |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:99825 |
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