Stevenson, G., Rehman, S., Draper, E. et al. (3 more authors) (2016) Combining 3D human in vitro methods for a 3Rs evaluation of novel titanium surfaces in orthopaedic applications. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. ISSN 0006-3592
Abstract
In this study we report on a group of complementary human osteoblast in vitro test methods for the preclinical evaluation of 3D porous titanium surfaces. The surfaces were prepared by additive manufacturing (electron beam melting, EBM) and plasma spraying, allowing the creation of complex lattice surface geometries. Physical properties of the surfaces were characterised by SEM and profilometry and 3D in vitro cell culture using human osteoblasts. Primary human osteoblast cells were found to elicit greater differences between titanium sample surfaces than an MG63 osteoblast-like cell line, particularly in terms of cell survival. Surface morphology was associated with higher osteoblast metabolic activity and mineralisation on rougher titanium plasma spray coated surfaces than smoother surfaces. Differences in osteoblast survival and metabolic activity on titanium lattice structures were also found, despite analogous surface morphology at the cellular level. 3D confocal microscopy identified osteoblast organisation within complex titanium surface geometries, adhesion, spreading and alignment to the biomaterial strut geometries. Mineralised nodule formation throughout the lattice structures was also observed, and indicative of early markers of bone in-growth on such materials. Testing methods such as those presented are not traditionally considered by medical device manufacturers, but we suggest have value as an increasingly vital tool in efficiently translating pre-clinical studies, especially in balance with current regulatory practice, commercial demands, the 3Rs and the relative merits of in vitro and in vivo studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2015 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | Additive manufacturing; In vitro test; Osteoblast; Plasma spraying; Surface topography; Titanium alloy |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PARTNERSHIP KTP008411 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 24 Feb 2016 11:08 |
Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2016 11:08 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.25919 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | John Wiley & Sons |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1002/bit.25919 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:95530 |