Field, KJ, Rimington, WR, Bidartondo, MI et al. (6 more authors) (2016) Functional analysis of liverworts in dual symbiosis with Glomeromycota and Mucoromycotina fungi under a simulated Palaeozoic CO₂ decline. ISME Journal, 10 (6). pp. 1514-1526. ISSN 1751-7362
Abstract
Most land plants form mutualistic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the Glomeromycota, but recent studies have found that ancient plant lineages form mutualisms with Mucoromycotina fungi. Simultaneous associations with both fungal lineages have now been found in some plants, necessitating studies to understand the functional and evolutionary significance of these tripartite associations for the first time. We investigate the physiology and cytology of dual fungal symbioses in the early-diverging liverworts Allisonia and Neohodgsonia at modern and Palaeozoic-like elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations under which they are thought to have evolved. We found enhanced carbon cost to liverworts with simultaneous Mucoromycotina and Glomeromycota associations, greater nutrient gain compared to those symbiotic with only one fungal group in previous experiments, and contrasting responses to atmospheric CO2 among liverwort-fungal symbioses. In liverwort-Mucoromycotina symbioses, there is increased Pfor-C and N-for-C exchange efficiency at 440 ppm compared to 1,500 ppm CO2. In liverwort-Glomeromycota symbioses, P-for-C exchange is lower at ambient CO2 compared toelevated CO2. No characteristic cytologies of dual symbiosis were identified. We provide evidence of a distinct physiological niche for plant symbioses with Mucoromycotina fungi, giving novel insight into why dual symbioses with Mucoromycotina and Glomeromycota fungi persist to the present day.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2015, The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Keywords: | Carbon dioxide; Glomeromycota; liverwort; Mucoromycotina; mycorrhiza; evolution |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biology (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 18 Jan 2016 14:44 |
Last Modified: | 18 Jan 2018 17:40 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.204 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
Identification Number: | 10.1038/ismej.2015.204 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:91362 |