Williams, C.C., Shahid, M. and Martinez, A. (2015) Determinants of the level of informality of informal micro-enterprises: some evidence from the city of Lahore, Pakistan. World Development. ISSN 1873-5991
Abstract
Recognizing that enterprises operate at varying levels of informality, this paper evaluates the determinants of their degree of informality. Reporting a 2012 survey of 300 informal micro-enterprises in the city of Lahore in Pakistan, the finding is that the key predictors of their level of informality are the characteristics of the entrepreneur and enterprise, rather than their motives or the wider formal and informal institutional compliance environment. Lower degrees of informality are associated with women, older, educated and higher income entrepreneurs and older enterprises with employees in the manufacturing sector. The paper concludes by discussing the theoretical and policy implications.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2015 Elsevier. This article is available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) |
Keywords: | entrepreneurship; informal sector; micro-enterprise; Asia; Pakistan |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Social Sciences (Sheffield) > Management School (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 08 Oct 2015 10:48 |
Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2017 05:59 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.09.003 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.09.003 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:89894 |