Bozkaya, G and Banks, DA (2015) Physico-chemical controls on ore deposition in the Arapucandere Pb-Zn-Cu-precious metal deposit, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. Ore Geology Reviews, 66. pp. 65-81. ISSN 0169-1368
Abstract
Arapucandere is one of a number of similar Cu-Zn-Pb±Au-Ag epithermal deposits in the Biga Peninsula, which are mineralogically and tectonically similar. Fluid inclusions have very low salinities between 1.7 and 0wt.% NaCl and a wide range of temperatures from ~360 to 160°C. There was extensive boiling and "flashing" of the hydrothermal fluids which initiated mineral deposition. The range of temperatures is consistent with emplacement of the veins at ~700m depth, with the pressure decreasing from near lithostatic to near hydrostatic and a decrease in temperature to ~250°C due to adiabatic expansion of the fluids. There is evidence of a limited amount of boiling, but the temperature and pressure decrease was close to the liquid-vapour curve. Flashing of the fluids was caused by sudden drops to sub-hydrostatic pressures and even lower temperatures. Mineralization was caused by these pressure related temperature decreases as there is no evidence of cooling and dilution of the ore-fluids. δ34S values of sulphides indicate a magmatic source but the more negative than usual values also suggest boiling affected isotopes. δD and δ18O of the fluids indicate a mixing between meteoric waters and magmatic fluids, with the large range of δD due to boiling. LA-ICP-MS analyses of fluid inclusions reveal high Cu-Zn-Pb concentrations in the fluids, despite their low salinity, transported as chloride complexes. Exceptional pressure and temperature decrease causing the fluids to "flash" was likely to have been in response to earthquakes.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Keywords: | Boiling; Flashing; Pressure fluctuations; Fluid inclusions; LA-ICPMS; Biga Peninsula; Turkey |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst of Geophysics and Tectonics (IGT) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 08 Oct 2015 13:22 |
Last Modified: | 13 Mar 2016 11:13 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.10.014 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.10.014 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:86155 |