Vellina, B, Rodriguez-Blanco, JD, Brown, AP et al. (2 more authors) (2013) Amorphous dysprosium carbonate: characterization, stability, and crystallization pathways. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 15. 1438 - 1450. ISSN 1388-0764
Abstract
The crystallization of amorphous dysprosium carbonate (ADC) has been studied in air (21–750 °C) and in solution (21–250 °C). This poorly ordered precursor, Dy2(CO3)3·4H2O, was synthesized in solution at ambient temperature. Its properties and crystallization pathways were studied by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic techniques. ADC consists of highly hydrated spherical nanoparticles of 10–20 nm diameter that are exceptionally stable under dry treatment at ambient and high temperatures (<550 °C). However, ADC transforms in solution to a variety of Dy-carbonates, depending on the temperature and reaction times. The transformation sequence is (a) poorly crystalline metastable tengerite-type phase, Dy2(CO3)3·2–3H2O; and (b) the orthorhombic kozoite-type phase DyCO3(OH) at 165 °C after prolonged times (15 days) or faster (12 h) at 220 °C. Both the amorphous phase and the kozoite-type phase DyCO3(OH) are paramagnetic in the range of temperatures measured from 1.8 to 300 K.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | (c) 2013, Springer. This is an author produced version of a paper published in Journal of Nanoparticle Research. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1438-3 |
Keywords: | Amorphous materials; rare earths; dysprosium; carbonate; crystallization |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Chemical & Process Engineering (Leeds) > Institute for Materials Research (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 09 May 2014 15:08 |
Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2016 15:20 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1438-3 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s11051-013-1438-3 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:78766 |