Bhowmik, Deepayan and Abhayaratne, Charith (2012) 2D+t Wavelet Domain VideoWatermarking. Advances in Multimedia, 2012. 973418. ISSN 1687-5680
Abstract
A novel watermarking framework for scalable coded video that improves the robustness against quality scalable compression is presented in this paper. Unlike the conventional spatial-domain (t + 2D) water-marking scheme where the motion compensated temporal filtering (MCTF) is performed on the spatial frame-wise video data to decompose the video, the proposed framework applies the MCTF in the wavelet domain (2D + t) to generate the coefficients to embed the watermark. Robustness performances against scalable content adaptation, such asMotion JPEG 2000, MC-EZBC, or H.264-SVC, are reviewed for various combinations of motion compensated 2D+ t + 2D using the proposed framework. The MCTF is improved by modifying the update step to follow themotion trajectory in the hierarchical temporal decomposition by using directmotion vector fields in the update step and implied motion vectors in the prediction step. The results show smaller embedding distortion in terms of both peak signal to noise ratio and flickering metrics compared to frame-by-frame video watermarking while the robustness against scalable compression is improved by using 2D + t over the conventional t + 2D domain video watermarking, particularly for blind watermarking schemes where the motion is estimated from the watermarked video.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2012 Deepayan Bhowmik and Charith Abhayaratne. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | video watermarking, wavelet, 2D+t, flicker, MCEZBC, M-JPEG 2000, robustness, watermarking framework. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number EPSRC BP-EPSRC DHPA |
Depositing User: | Dr Deepayan Bhowmik |
Date Deposited: | 03 Jun 2013 09:24 |
Last Modified: | 10 Jun 2014 06:17 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/973418 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
Refereed: | Yes |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:75659 |