The use of Time Modulated Arrays for Integrated Sensing and Communications in mmWave bands

We present concepts and findings from laboratory trials in Time Modulated Arrays (TMAs), considered for use in Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC). Testing with prototype mmWave hardware at 73 GHz is used to explore the concepts. We demonstrate a preliminary multi-beam sensing capability for object location, TX-RX relative orientation identification, or reflective environment monitoring. Other sensing approaches supported by the TMA are discussed. We also present our latest results for direct digital modulation: using the TX TMA to directly apply 32QAM to a steered beam at +50 degrees and at -50 degrees. Finally, we propose possible future ISAC system architectures that make use of the features of TMAs in TX and RX modes.