Navigating HPV and cervical cell change diagnoses: a qualitative study of patient experiences in the UK cervical screening program

This study explores the psychological impact of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cell change diagnoses identified through UK cervical screening, focussing on the role of HPV knowledge and post-diagnosis support needs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven women aged 25–64 who had received diagnoses through the UK cervical screening program, using a framework based on the Common-Sense Model of Illness Representations. Reflexive thematic analysis revealed varied emotional responses shaped by prior knowledge, health history, and support systems. Limited awareness of HPV frequently led to heightened anxiety and distress, exacerbated by unclear result communication and challenges within the screening process. Participants engaged in information-seeking behaviours post-diagnosis; while some found reassurance, others encountered confusing or inaccurate content online. Findings underscore the complex relationship between HPV understanding and patient experience, highlighting the need for improved public health education, clearer communication strategies, and holistic, patient-centred support.