Integrating post-growth economics into transformative adaptation: Property relations, capital, and democratic planning

Transformative adaptation (TA) is increasingly promoted as a way to drive systemic change beyond incremental adjustments. Yet many TA initiatives fall short of their transformative aims. This paper argues that this is not only due to implementation challenges, but also because of conceptual blind spots. We review TA litertaure and problematise three of its core assumptions regarding onto-epistemic and political shifts, root causes of vulnerability, and multi-level stakeholder engagement. Drawing on post-growth economics, we contend that TA tends to overlook some key dimensions of transformation. First, its focus on onto-epistemic and political shifts rarely challenges privatised property relations and sometimes reinforces scarcity narratives that justify exclusive control and management. Second, vulnerability is linked to a preoccupation with growth, efficiency, and commercialisation, yet these are not systematically tied to the structural dynamics of capital accumulation. Third, stakeholder engagement tends to foreground liberal notions of participation and governance, with little attention to democratic control over the economy. To address these gaps, we propose a set of reflective refinements based on post-growth principles: reorient development toward collective, decommodified ownership; link vulnerability to the structural tendencies of capital accumulation; and broaden participation and governance toward economic democratisation and planning. These dimensions are interdependent, with property relations and capital accumulation forming both structural arenas of transformation within, and obstacles to, democratic planning of the economy. We conclude by outlining key directions for future TA research.