Radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas, tends to accumulate indoors and can reach hazardous concentrations that pose significant health risks. Globally, radon is recognized as the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. Despite its well-documented dangers, significant knowledge gaps persist regarding the sources of radon exposure and the resulting health risks. In this study, we examine the spatial and temporal distribution, sources, and health impacts of indoor radon in Ohio, USA—a state characterized by diverse geological and meteorological conditions and radon concentrations significantly exceeding the national average, contributing to approximately 900 lung cancer deaths annually. Our results reveal pronounced spatial heterogeneity, with elevated radon concentrations in central urban areas, and seasonal variability, with higher levels during winter. Using statistical analysis and structural equation modeling, we identify surface radiation sources, meteorological conditions, and building materials as key drivers of indoor radon accumulation. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the estimated lifetime excess cancer risk for residents in the study area is 2.29 %, approximately double the standard safety threshold. These findings underscore the urgent need to raise awareness of radon-induced carcinogenesis and to implement effective mitigation strategies to safeguard public health.
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)