Sainsbury-Martinez, F. orcid.org/0000-0003-0304-7931, Walsh, C. orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-786X and Cooke, G. orcid.org/0000-0001-6067-0979 (2025) The Response of Planetary Atmospheres to the Impact of Icy Comets. I. Tidally Locked Exo-Earths. The Astrophysical Journal, 982 (1). 29. ISSN: 0004-637X
Abstract
Impacts by rocky and icy bodies are thought to have played a key role in shaping the composition of solar system objects, including the Earth’s habitability. Hence, it is likely that they play a similar role in exoplanetary systems. We investigate how an icy cometary impact affects the atmospheric chemistry, climate, and composition of an Earth-like, tidally locked, terrestrial exoplanet, a prime target in the search for a habitable exoplanet beyond our solar system. We couple a cometary impact model, which includes thermal ablation and pressure driven breakup, with the 3D Earth system model WACCM6/CESM2 and use this model to investigate the effects of the water and thermal energy delivery associated with an R = 2.5 km pure water ice cometary impact on an Earth-like atmosphere. We find that water is the primary driver of longer timescale changes to the atmospheric chemistry and composition by acting as a source of opacity, cloud ice, and atmospheric hydrogen/oxygen. The water opacity drives heating at ∼5 × 10‾⁴ bar and cooling below, due to a decreased flux reaching the surface. The increase in atmospheric hydrogen and oxygen also drives an increase in the abundance of hydrogen/oxygen-rich molecules, with the exception of ozone, whose column density decreases by ∼10%. These atmospheric changes are potentially observable for ∼1–2 yr postimpact, particularly those associated with cloud ice scattering. They also persist, albeit at a much reduced level, to our quasi–steady state, suggesting that sustained bombardment or multiple large impacts have the potential to shape the composition and habitability of terrestrial exoplanets.
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Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2025 08:55 |
Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2025 08:55 |
Published Version: | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-43... |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Astronomical Society |
Identification Number: | 10.3847/1538-4357/ad96ad |
Sustainable Development Goals: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:229319 |
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