Guzzetti, M. orcid.org/0000-0001-6866-8291, Zhang, D., Goodman, C. et al. (48 more authors) (2025) Improved receiver noise calibration for ADMX axion search: 4.54 to 5.41 μeV. Physical Review D, 111 (9). 092012. ISSN 2470-0010
Abstract
Axions are a well-motivated candidate for dark matter. The preeminent method to search for axion dark matter is known as the axion haloscope, which makes use of the conversion of axions to photons in a large magnetic field. Because of the weak coupling of axions to photons, however, the expected signal strength is exceptionally small. To increase signal strength, many haloscopes make use of resonant enhancement and high gain amplifiers, while also taking measures to keep receiver noise as low as possible such as the use of dilution refrigerators and ultra-low-noise electronics. In this paper, we derive the theoretical noise model based on the sources of noise found within a typical axion haloscope receiver chain, using the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) as a case study. We present examples of different noise calibration measurements at 1280 MHz taken during ADMX’s most recent data-taking run. These new results shed light on a previously unidentified interaction between the cavity and Josephson Parametric Amplifier as well as provide a better understanding of the systematic uncertainty on the system noise temperature used in the axion search analysis for this data-taking run. Finally, the consistency between the measurements and the detailed model provide suggestions for future improvements within ADMX and other axion haloscopes to reach a lower noise temperature.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2025 Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Keywords: | Axions; Dark matter; Dark matter direct detection; Particle astrophysics; Particle dark matter; Microwave techniques; Noise measurements |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 29 May 2025 08:05 |
Last Modified: | 29 May 2025 08:05 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Physical Society (APS) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1103/physrevd.111.092012 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:227189 |