Jiang, J.-Q. orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-3633, Giarè, W. orcid.org/0000-0002-4012-9285, Gariazzo, S. orcid.org/0000-0002-4160-6987 et al. (6 more authors) (2025) Neutrino cosmology after DESI: tightest mass upper limits, preference for the normal ordering, and tension with terrestrial observations. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2025. 153.
Abstract
The recent DESI Baryon Acoustic Oscillation measurements have led to tight upper limits on the neutrino mass sum, potentially in tension with oscillation constraints requiring ∑ mν ≳ 0.06 eV. Under the physically motivated assumption of positive ∑ mν, we study the extent to which these limits are tightened by adding other available cosmological probes, and robustly quantify the preference for the normal mass ordering over the inverted one, as well as the tension between cosmological and terrestrial data. Combining DESI data with Cosmic Microwave Background measurements and several late-time background probes, the tightest 2σ limit we find without including a local H0 prior is ∑ mν < 0.05 eV. This leads to a strong preference for the normal ordering, with Bayes factor relative to the inverted one of 46.5. Depending on the dataset combination and tension metric adopted, we quantify the tension between cosmological and terrestrial observations as ranging between 2.5σ and 5σ. These results are strenghtened when allowing for a time-varying dark energy component with equation of state lying in the physically motivated non-phantom regime, w(z) ≥ -1, highlighting an interesting synergy between the nature of dark energy and laboratory probes of the mass ordering. If these tensions persist and cannot be attributed to systematics, either or both standard neutrino (particle) physics or the underlying cosmological model will have to be questioned.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Authors/Creators: |
|
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2025 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | neutrino masses from cosmology; cosmological neutrinos; dark energy experiments; neutrino properties |
Dates: |
|
Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 04 Feb 2025 16:48 |
Last Modified: | 04 Feb 2025 16:48 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/01/153 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | IOP Publishing |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1088/1475-7516/2025/01/153 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:222843 |
Download
Filename: Jiang_2025_J._Cosmol._Astropart._Phys._2025_153.pdf
Licence: CC-BY 4.0