Ford, A.C. orcid.org/0000-0001-6371-4359, Yuan, Y., Park, J.Y. et al. (2 more authors) (2025) Eradication Therapy to Prevent Gastric Cancer in Helicobacter pylori–Positive Individuals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies. Gastroenterology, 169 (2). pp. 261-276. ISSN: 0016-5085
Abstract
Background & Aims Screening for, and treating, Helicobacter pylori in the general population or patients with early gastric neoplasia could reduce incidence of, and mortality from, gastric cancer. We updated a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining this issue. Methods We searched the literature through October 4, 2024, identifying studies examining effect of eradication therapy on incidence of gastric cancer in H pylori–positive adults without gastric neoplasia at baseline or H pylori–positive patients with gastric neoplasia undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in either RCTs or observational studies. The control arm received placebo or no eradication therapy in RCTs and no eradication therapy in observational studies. Follow-up was ≥2 years. We estimated relative risks (RR) of gastric cancer incidence and mortality. Results Eleven RCTs and 13 observational studies were eligible. For RCTs, RR of gastric cancer was lower with eradication therapy in healthy H pylori–positive individuals (8 RCTs, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48–0.84) and H pylori–positive patients with gastric neoplasia undergoing EMR (3 RCTs, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.38–0.71). RR of death from gastric cancer was lower with eradication therapy in healthy H pylori–positive individuals (5 RCTs, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62–0.98). In observational studies, RR of future gastric cancer was lower with eradication therapy in H pylori–positive subjects without gastric neoplasia at baseline (11 studies, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.43–0.73) and H pylori–positive patients with gastric neoplasia undergoing EMR (2 studies, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.06–0.61). Conclusions This meta-analysis provides further evidence that administering eradication therapy prevents gastric cancer in H pylori–positive individuals, with consistency in results among studies of different design.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | Gastric Cancer, Helicobacter pylori, Meta-Analysis, Eradication Therapy, Mortality |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR) > Division of Gastroenterology and Surgery |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 22 Jan 2025 10:56 |
Last Modified: | 04 Aug 2025 10:31 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.12.033 |
Related URLs: | |
Sustainable Development Goals: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:222046 |