Proposed Denosumab Biosimilar SB16 vs Reference Denosumab in postmenopausal osteoporosis: phase 3 results up to month 12

Context

SB16 is a proposed biosimilar to reference denosumab (DEN; brand name: Prolia).

Objective

This phase 3 randomized, double-blind, multicenter study evaluated the biosimilarity of SB16 to DEN in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (NCT04664959).

Design

The study included 457 postmenopausal osteoporosis patients who had a lumbar spine or total hip T-score between −2.5 and −4. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 60 mg of SB16 or DEN subcutaneously at month 0 and month 6. At month 12, patients were rerandomized to continue with the assigned treatment or switch from DEN to SB16 up to month 18. This report includes results up to month 12.

Methods

The primary endpoint was the percent change from baseline in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) at month 12. Secondary endpoints including the percent change from baseline in BMD of the lumbar spine (except for month 12), total hip, and femoral neck; pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic (serum C-telopeptide of type I collagen, and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide), safety, and immunogenicity profiles were measured up to month 12.

Results

The least-squares mean differences in percent change from baseline in lumbar spine BMD at month 12 were 0.33% (90% CI, −0.25 to 0.91) in the full analysis set and 0.39% (95% CI, −0.36 to 1.13) in the per-protocol set; both within the predefined equivalence margin. The secondary endpoints were comparable between the 2 treatment groups.

Conclusion

The reported efficacy, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, safety, and immunogenicity data support the biosimilarity of SB16 to DEN.