Cao, Y. orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-7660, Blain, T. orcid.org/0000-0002-7974-7355, Li, L. orcid.org/0000-0003-3184-7434 et al. (4 more authors) (2024) GaAsSb/AlGaAsSb avalanche photodiode with high gain-linearity. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 71 (10). pp. 6161-6165. ISSN 0018-9383
Abstract
Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are widely used in near-infrared optical receivers to detect weak and/or high-speed optical signals. Emerging high-order optical signal modulation formats require the APD’s photocurrents to vary linearly with the signal power. There is, however, a lack of comprehensive understanding of the linearity of APD’s photocurrent and gain versus optical power characteristics underpinned by experimental results. An experimental study was carried out on the linearity of near-infrared APD’s photocurrent and avalanche gain with optical signal power, covering a wide range of optical power and APD’s operating voltage. The work utilized thin 200-nm Al 0.85 Ga 0.15 As 0.56 Sb 0.44 (AlGaAsSb) avalanche region, exploiting their excellent temperature stability compared to thick structures and other commonly used avalanche materials. Three types of linearity behaviors were identified and explained: 1) around the punchthrough voltage; 2) higher reverse bias and moderate gains; and 3) close to the breakdown voltage and large gains. The best linearity performance, tested under optical power from 0.08 to 750 μ W, was achieved under high reverse bias ( > 18 V) but with moderate gain ( < 10). Our findings of linearity performance are also applicable to near-infrared APDs with other avalanche materials. Furthermore, AlGaAsSb-based APDs exhibit better linearity performance compared to a commercial non-AlGaAsSb APD. At a gain of 10, a 10% attenuation was observed at the output current of 34 μ A in the commercial APD compared to 670 μ A (20 times higher) in our APD, suggesting the potential of our detector for optical communication links utilizing high-order signal modulation formats. The data reported in this article are available from the ORDA digital repository (https://figshare.com/s/34f0f27e42de168c5c41).
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 The Authors. Except as otherwise noted, this author-accepted version of a journal article published in IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices is made available via the University of Sheffield Research Publications and Copyright Policy under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Keywords: | Optical attenuators; Photoconductivity; Avalanche photodiodes; Linearity; Optical reflection; Optical variables control; Optical refraction |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 30 Aug 2024 12:57 |
Last Modified: | 25 Feb 2025 10:45 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1109/ted.2024.3440279 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:216592 |