Kaye, Paul orcid.org/0000-0002-8796-4755 (2024) A randomized, double-blind phase 2b trial to evaluate efficacy of ChAd63-KH for treatment of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Molecular Therapy: Methods and Clinical development. 101310. ISSN 2329-0501
Abstract
In a recent phase 2a clinical trial, the candidate leishmaniasis vaccine ChAd63-KH was shown to be safe and immunogenic in Sudanese patients with post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). However, its value as a stand-alone therapeutic was unknown. To assess the therapeutic efficacy of ChAd63-KH, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial (ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT03969134). Primary outcomes were safety and efficacy (≥90% improvement in clinical disease). Secondary outcomes were change in severity grade and vaccine-induced immune response. 86 participants with uncomplicated PKDL of ≥6 month duration were randomized to receive ChAd63-KH (7.5 × 1010 viral particles, once by the intramuscular route) or placebo. 75 participants (87%) completed the trial as per protocol. No severe or serious adverse events were observed. At day 90 post-vaccination, 6/40 (15%) and 4/35 (11%) participants in the vaccine and placebo groups, respectively, showed ≥90% clinical improvement (risk ratio [RR] 1.31 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.40–4.28], p = 0.742). There were also no significant differences in PKDL severity grade between study arms. Whole-blood transcriptomic analysis identified transcriptional modules associated with interferon responses and monocyte and dendritic cell activation. Thus, a single vaccination with ChAd63-KH showed no therapeutic efficacy in this subset of Sudanese patients with PKDL.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 The Author(s) |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Hull York Medical School (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 23 Aug 2024 11:20 |
Last Modified: | 07 Feb 2025 00:40 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101310 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101310 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:216426 |
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