Doody, N.E., Smith, N.J., Akam, E.C. et al. (3 more authors) (2024) Differential expression of genes in the RhoA/ROCK pathway in the hippocampus and cortex following intermittent hypoxia and high-intensity interval training. Journal of Neurophysiology, 132 (2). pp. 531-543. ISSN 0022-3077
Abstract
Structural neuroplasticity such as neurite extension and dendritic spine dynamics is enhanced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and impaired by types of inhibitory molecules that induce growth cone collapse and actin depolymerization, for example, myelin-associated inhibitors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and negative guidance molecules. These inhibitory molecules can activate RhoA/rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) signaling (known to restrict structural plasticity). Intermittent hypoxia (IH) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) are known to upregulate BDNF that is associated with improvements in learning and memory and greater functional recovery following neural insults. We investigated whether the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway is also modulated by IH and HIIT in the hippocampus, cortex, and lumbar spinal cord of male Wistar rats. The gene expression of 25 RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway components was determined following IH, HIIT, or IH combined with HIIT (30 min/day, 5 days/wk, 6 wk). IH included 10 3-min bouts that alternated between hypoxia (15% O2) and normoxia. HIIT included 10 3-min bouts alternating between treadmill speeds of 50 cm·s−1 and 15 cm·s−1. In the hippocampus, IH and HIIT significantly downregulated Acan and NgR2 mRNA that are involved in the inhibition of neuroplasticity. However, IH and IH + HIIT significantly upregulated Lingo-1 and NgR3 in the cortex. This is the first time IH and HIIT have been linked to the modulation of plasticity-inhibiting pathways. These results provide a fundamental step toward elucidating the interplay between the neurotrophic and inhibitory mechanisms involved in experience-driven neural plasticity that will aid in optimizing physiological interventions for the treatment of cognitive decline or neurorehabilitation.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 The Authors. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 4.0. |
Keywords: | exercise; inhibitory molecules; intermittent hypoxia; neuroplasticity; treadmill training |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biomedical Sciences (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 14 Aug 2024 09:06 |
Last Modified: | 14 Aug 2024 09:06 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Physiological Society |
Identification Number: | 10.1152/jn.00422.2023 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:216061 |