Variable nitrogen sources effect on Xanthomonas campestris ATCC 13915 ability for xanthan production in culture supplemented with pineapple waste

Xanthan gum is widely known as the source for numerous applications, for example, in the food industry, pharmaceuticals, and more recently, in the improvement of oil production. It is used in many industries as this biopolymer's properties meet the industry's needs. However, due to economic constraints, xanthan gum is produced in many industries using continuous fermentation technology. Glucose is the carbon substrate in the commercial manufacture of xanthan, which raises the cost of xanthan synthesis. Using a less expensive substrate, like agricultural waste, is one technique to lower the price of xanthan. Besides, a suitable nitrogen source with optimal concentration is vital to obtain high xanthan production. Therefore, this study emphasises the effect of different nitrogen sources supplemented with liquid pineapple waste in the cultivation medium for high xanthan production. The result shows that the medium supplemented with 12 gL-1 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate successfully produced the highest xanthan production of about 12.5 gL-1. This finding shows an increment of about 60% from the original medium used in xanthan production using Xanthomonas campestris ATCC 13951 in submerged cultivation.