Shaw, A.B., Tse, H.N., Byford, O. et al. (8 more authors) (2024) Cellular endosomal potassium ion flux regulates arenavirus uncoating during virus entry. mBio, 15 (7). e01684-23. ISSN 2161-2129
Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is an enveloped and segmented negative-sense RNA virus classified within the Arenaviridae family of the Bunyavirales order. LCMV is associated with fatal disease in immunocompromised populations and, as the prototypical arenavirus member, acts as a model for the many highly pathogenic members of the Arenaviridae family, such as Junín, Lassa, and Lujo viruses, all of which are associated with devastating hemorrhagic fevers. To enter cells, the LCMV envelope fuses with late endosomal membranes, for which two established requirements are low pH and interaction between the LCMV glycoprotein (GP) spike and secondary receptor CD164. LCMV subsequently uncoats, where the RNA genome-associated nucleoprotein (NP) separates from the Z protein matrix layer, releasing the viral genome into the cytosol. To further examine LCMV endosome escape, we performed an siRNA screen which identified host cell potassium ion (K+) channels as important for LCMV infection, with pharmacological inhibition confirming K+ channel involvement during the LCMV entry phase completely abrogating productive infection. To better understand the K+-mediated block in infection, we tracked incoming virions along their entry pathway under physiological conditions, where uncoating was signified by separation of NP and Z proteins. In contrast, K+ channel blockade prevented uncoating, trapping virions within Rab7 and CD164-positive endosomes, identifying K+ as a third LCMV entry requirement. K+ did not increase GP-CD164 binding or alter GP-CD164-dependent fusion. Thus, we propose that K+ mediates uncoating by modulating NP-Z interactions within the virion interior. These results suggest K+ channels represent a potential anti-arenaviral target.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 Shaw et al. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | arenavirus, LCMV, potassium, ion channels |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > Faculty of Biological Sciences Office (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jun 2024 10:46 |
Last Modified: | 11 Sep 2024 14:58 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology |
Identification Number: | 10.1128/mbio.01684-23 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:213110 |