Nakwaya-Jacobus, Dietlinde N., Hipondoka, Martin, Angombe, Simon et al. (2 more authors) (2023) Substantive, normative and transactive effectiveness of EIA:perception of key actors in Namibia. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal. pp. 280-300. ISSN 1471-5465
Abstract
EIA has become an important environmental management tool because it is supported by enforceable legal backing. However, its effectiveness has been debated, especially in developing countries where systems are often mimicked from the Western world. EIA in Namibia has been in place since the enactment of the legislation in 2007 and 2012 respectively. This paper investigates EIA's substantive, normative, and transactive effectiveness in Namibia as perceived by key actors. Data were collected through survey questionnaires and triangulated with semi-structured interviews. A total of 110 actors responded to the survey and 25 experts were interviewed. Interviewees perceive EIA in Namibia as moderately and marginally effective in supporting substantive, normative, and transactive effectiveness. They further perceive that various contextual and administrative challenges affect EIA effectiveness in Namibia. Challenges include poor administration, restrained consideration of assessment findings in decisions, limited learning and environmental awareness opportunities, inadequate public participation, funding, and poor monitoring, and reporting. Interviewees also highlighted political will as necessary to improve funding and appropriate institutional arrangement. Actors perceive that projects meant to improve the livelihood of impoverished communities can be accepted while foregoing environmental objectives. With targeted improvements, EIA can effectively facilitate good environmental decisions, resource mobilisation, and sustainability in Namibia.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Publisher Copyright: © 2023 IAIA. |
Keywords: | actors,effectiveness,EIA,Namibia,perception |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Environment and Geography (York) The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Biology (York) The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 30 May 2024 09:20 |
Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2025 00:35 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1080/14615517.2023.2214446 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1080/14615517.2023.2214446 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:212959 |
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Description: TIAP_2022_0136 work _Revised2 clean submission_with author details