Wheatcroft, L., Bird, A., Gollapally, N. et al. (3 more authors) (2024) In situ fracture behavior of single crystal LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811). Batteries & Supercaps, 7 (6). e202400077. ISSN 2566-6223
Abstract
Single crystal particle morphologies have become highly desirable for next generation cathode materials, removing grain boundary fracture and thereby reducing the surface area exposed to electrolyte. The intrinsic mechanical behavior of single crystal layered oxides, however, is poorly understood. Here, faceted single crystal LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) particles are compressed in situ in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), to determine mechanical deformation mechanisms as a function of crystallographic orientation. In situ, the dynamical deformation sequence observed is initial cracking at the compression zone, followed by accelerated transparticle crack propagation and concurrent (0001) slip band formation. The greatest loads and contact pressure at fracture, non-basal cracking, and activation of multiple basal slip systems in larger (>3 μm) particles, occur for compression normal to the (0001) layered structure. Loading on {012} preferentially activates basal fracture and slip at lower loads. Regardless of particle orientation, non-basal slip systems are not observed, and non-basal cracking and particle rotation occur during compression to compensate for this inability to activate dislocations in 3-dimensions. Crystallographic dependent mechanical behaviour of single crystal NMC811 means that particle texture in cathodes should be monitored, and sources of localised surface stress in cathodes, e. g. particle-to-particle asperity contacts during electrode manufacture, should be minimised.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 The Authors. Batteries & Supercaps published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | single crystal; Li-ion Battery; cathode; LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2; NMC811; in situ microindentation, fracture |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 15 Apr 2024 13:42 |
Last Modified: | 08 Nov 2024 16:53 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1002/batt.202400077 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:211495 |