Roumy, L., Truong-Hoang, T.-Q. orcid.org/0000-0001-9553-3480, Touchard, F. orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-6105 et al. (2 more authors) (2024) Electro-mechanical characterisation and damage monitoring by acoustic emission of 3D-printed CB/PLA. Materials, 17 (5). 1047. ISSN 1996-1944
Abstract
Even though the influence of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed samples by fused filament fabrication is established in the literature, very little is known about mechanical and electrical coupling. In this study, electrically conductive polylactic acid filled with carbon black particles undergoes monotonic and repeated progressive tensile loading to better understand the influence of the printing direction on the electro-mechanical properties of three-dimensional-printed samples. The objective is to analyse the electro-mechanical behaviour of this composite for its potential application as an actuator. The classical laminate theory is also applied to evaluate the relevance of this theory in predicting the mechanical characteristics of this material. In addition, a comprehensive damage analysis is performed using acoustic emission, infrared thermography, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. Results show that the degradation of the mechanical and electrical properties is highly influenced by the printing direction. The appearance and development of crazes in 0° filaments are highlighted and quantified. The conclusions drawn by this study underline the interest in using longitudinal and unidirectional printing directions to improve the conductive path within the samples. Furthermore, the evolution of the resistance throughout the experiments emphasizes the need to control the implemented voltage in the design of future electro-thermally triggered actuators.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | 4D printing; SEM; additive manufacturing; craze; repeated progressive tensile test; resistivity; shape memory polymer; smart material; tensile test |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 12 Apr 2024 10:15 |
Last Modified: | 12 Apr 2024 10:15 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17051047 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | MDPI AG |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.3390/ma17051047 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:211429 |