van Griethuysen, P., Redeker, K.R. orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-2286, MacFarlane, S.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-6046-4400 et al. (2 more authors) (2024) Virus‐induced changes in root volatiles attract soil nematode vectors to infected plants. New Phytologist, 241 (5). pp. 2275-2286. ISSN 0028-646X
Abstract
Plant-derived volatiles mediate interactions among plants, pathogenic viruses, and viral vectors. These volatile-dependent mechanisms have not been previously demonstrated belowground, despite their likely significant role in soil ecology and agricultural pest impacts. We investigated how the plant virus, tobacco rattle virus (TRV), attracts soil nematode vectors to infected plants.
We infected Nicotiana benthamiana with TRV and compared root growth relative to that of uninfected plants. We tested whether TRV-infected N. benthamiana was more attractive to nematodes 7 d post infection and identified a compound critical to attraction. We also infected N. benthamiana with mutated TRV strains to identify virus genes involved in vector nematode attraction.
Virus titre and associated impacts on root morphology were greatest 7 d post infection. Tobacco rattle virus infection enhanced 2-ethyl-1-hexanol production. Nematode chemotaxis and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol production correlated strongly with viral load. Uninfected plants were more attractive to nematodes after the addition of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol than were untreated plants. Mutation of TRV RNA2-encoded genes reduced the production of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and nematode attraction.
For the first time, this demonstrates that virus-driven alterations in root volatile emissions lead to increased chemotaxis of the virus's nematode vector, a finding with implications for sustainable management of both nematodes and viral pathogens in agricultural systems.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2024 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2024 New Phytologist Foundation. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | chemical ecology; chemotaxis; integrated pest management; plant-pest interactions; tobacco rattle virus; trichodorid; virus-vector-plant ecology; Animals; Soil; Nematoda; Plant Viruses; Hexanols |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Vice-Chancellor's Office (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/K020463/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 20 Feb 2024 12:12 |
Last Modified: | 20 Feb 2024 12:12 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1111/nph.19518 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:209335 |